Effects and molecular mechanisms of Achyranthes bidentata Blume and Cyathula officinalis K.C. Kuan in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Achyranthes bidentata Blume (ABB; Chinese name: Huai Niuxi) and Cyathula officinalis K.C.Kuan (COK; Chinese name: Chuan Niuxi), two botanical drugs collectively termed “Niuxi” in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), are widely used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. This review comprehensively...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1619776/full |
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| author | Liu-Bo Zhang Liu-Bo Zhang Yu Yan Wen-Wen Lian Wei Zhou Cong-Yuan Xia Jun He Yuan Xu |
| author_facet | Liu-Bo Zhang Liu-Bo Zhang Yu Yan Wen-Wen Lian Wei Zhou Cong-Yuan Xia Jun He Yuan Xu |
| author_sort | Liu-Bo Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Achyranthes bidentata Blume (ABB; Chinese name: Huai Niuxi) and Cyathula officinalis K.C.Kuan (COK; Chinese name: Chuan Niuxi), two botanical drugs collectively termed “Niuxi” in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), are widely used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. This review comprehensively summarized the pharmacological mechanisms and therapeutic potential of the metabolites of ABB and COK on RA, while addressing limitations of current evidence. Of the 314 and 185 metabolites contained in ABB and COK, respectively, 22 metabolites (including Chikusetsusaponin V and chikusetsusaponin Ⅳa), showed multiple anti-RA activities. The mechanisms underlying the effects of ABB and COK with respect to the occurrence and development of RA (including inflammatory processes, immunoregulation, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, cartilage degradation, and bone destruction) were evaluated (Graphical Abstract). Numerous signaling pathways, such as the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), are involved in RA. The metabolites contained in ABB and COK have significant medicinal value and potential in the treatment of RA, while in-depth mechanism studies and clinical research are warranted to support the clinical application of these metabolites. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-06cdf57c9fe346b29601f8d2cce1dc73 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj-art-06cdf57c9fe346b29601f8d2cce1dc732025-08-20T03:15:20ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122025-07-011610.3389/fphar.2025.16197761619776Effects and molecular mechanisms of Achyranthes bidentata Blume and Cyathula officinalis K.C. Kuan in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritisLiu-Bo Zhang0Liu-Bo Zhang1Yu Yan2Wen-Wen Lian3Wei Zhou4Cong-Yuan Xia5Jun He6Yuan Xu7National Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of TCM Rheumatism, Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Rheumatology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, ChinaNational Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of TCM Rheumatism, Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, ChinaNational Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of TCM Rheumatism, Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, ChinaNational Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of TCM Rheumatism, Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, ChinaNational Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of TCM Rheumatism, Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, ChinaNational Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of TCM Rheumatism, Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, ChinaNational Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of TCM Rheumatism, Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, ChinaAchyranthes bidentata Blume (ABB; Chinese name: Huai Niuxi) and Cyathula officinalis K.C.Kuan (COK; Chinese name: Chuan Niuxi), two botanical drugs collectively termed “Niuxi” in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), are widely used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. This review comprehensively summarized the pharmacological mechanisms and therapeutic potential of the metabolites of ABB and COK on RA, while addressing limitations of current evidence. Of the 314 and 185 metabolites contained in ABB and COK, respectively, 22 metabolites (including Chikusetsusaponin V and chikusetsusaponin Ⅳa), showed multiple anti-RA activities. The mechanisms underlying the effects of ABB and COK with respect to the occurrence and development of RA (including inflammatory processes, immunoregulation, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, cartilage degradation, and bone destruction) were evaluated (Graphical Abstract). Numerous signaling pathways, such as the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), are involved in RA. The metabolites contained in ABB and COK have significant medicinal value and potential in the treatment of RA, while in-depth mechanism studies and clinical research are warranted to support the clinical application of these metabolites.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1619776/fullrheumatoid arthritisAchyranthes bidentata BlumeCyathula officinalis K.C.Kuanpharmacologypharmacokinetics |
| spellingShingle | Liu-Bo Zhang Liu-Bo Zhang Yu Yan Wen-Wen Lian Wei Zhou Cong-Yuan Xia Jun He Yuan Xu Effects and molecular mechanisms of Achyranthes bidentata Blume and Cyathula officinalis K.C. Kuan in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis Frontiers in Pharmacology rheumatoid arthritis Achyranthes bidentata Blume Cyathula officinalis K.C.Kuan pharmacology pharmacokinetics |
| title | Effects and molecular mechanisms of Achyranthes bidentata Blume and Cyathula officinalis K.C. Kuan in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis |
| title_full | Effects and molecular mechanisms of Achyranthes bidentata Blume and Cyathula officinalis K.C. Kuan in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis |
| title_fullStr | Effects and molecular mechanisms of Achyranthes bidentata Blume and Cyathula officinalis K.C. Kuan in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects and molecular mechanisms of Achyranthes bidentata Blume and Cyathula officinalis K.C. Kuan in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis |
| title_short | Effects and molecular mechanisms of Achyranthes bidentata Blume and Cyathula officinalis K.C. Kuan in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis |
| title_sort | effects and molecular mechanisms of achyranthes bidentata blume and cyathula officinalis k c kuan in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis |
| topic | rheumatoid arthritis Achyranthes bidentata Blume Cyathula officinalis K.C.Kuan pharmacology pharmacokinetics |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1619776/full |
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