Association between weight loss and HbA1c management in patients with diabetes: a NHANES analysis
Abstract Background Research suggests that weight loss may enhance glycemic control in patients with diabetes. A recent 5-year cohort study in the UK further substantiated this assertion by highlighting the significant correlation between weight reduction and improved HbA1c management. However, furt...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen
2025-05-01
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| Series: | The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-025-00440-x |
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| Summary: | Abstract Background Research suggests that weight loss may enhance glycemic control in patients with diabetes. A recent 5-year cohort study in the UK further substantiated this assertion by highlighting the significant correlation between weight reduction and improved HbA1c management. However, further research is necessary to ascertain the universality of this finding for populations not subjected to interventions and across diverse clinical settings. Moreover, the interplay between the levels of physical activity and the concentrations of glycated hemoglobin merits further exploration. Methods This retrospective cohort study used the NHANES database and included patients aged 21 years or older who had been diagnosed with diabetes for 1 year or older, were not using insulin, and had experienced weight loss. Patients were classified on the basis of percentage of weight loss in the prior year (< 5% vs. ≥ 5%) and HbA1c levels (≥ 6.5% vs. < 6.5%). Results The percentage of weight loss was significantly correlated with HbA1c levels (≥ 6.5% vs. < 6.5%), as demonstrated by the weighted generalized linear model (OR = 1.569; 95% CI = 1.027–2.396, p < 0.05). After adjusting for the percentage of weight loss or proportional weight loss (Box-Cox) and other covariates, vigorous physical activity levels exhibited a negative effect on blood glucose control. The results of the subgroup analysis indicated a positive correlation between proportional weight loss and HbA1c levels (≥ 6.5% vs. < 6.5%) in unmarried individuals who are non-Hispanic Black or of other races and do not consume alcohol or use oral antidiabetic medications. The restricted cubic spline plot did not reveal any significant nonlinear relationships. Conclusions Weight loss surpassing 5% was positively correlated with enhanced HbA1c regulation (HbA1c < 6.5%). Intense physical activity may be inappropriate for individuals with diabetes. |
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| ISSN: | 2090-9098 |