Passive Cushiony Biomechanics of Head Protection in Falling Geckos

Gekko geckos are capable to crawl on the steep even on upside-down surfaces. Such movement, especially at great altitude, puts them at high risks of incidentally dropping down and inevitable body or head impactions, though they may trigger air-righting reaction (ARR) to attenuate the landing shocks....

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Main Authors: Hao Wang, Wenbo Wang, Yi Song, Lei Cai, Zhendong Dai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2018-01-01
Series:Applied Bionics and Biomechanics
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9857894
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author Hao Wang
Wenbo Wang
Yi Song
Lei Cai
Zhendong Dai
author_facet Hao Wang
Wenbo Wang
Yi Song
Lei Cai
Zhendong Dai
author_sort Hao Wang
collection DOAJ
description Gekko geckos are capable to crawl on the steep even on upside-down surfaces. Such movement, especially at great altitude, puts them at high risks of incidentally dropping down and inevitable body or head impactions, though they may trigger air-righting reaction (ARR) to attenuate the landing shocks. However, the air-righting ability (ARA) in Gekko geckos is not fully developed. The implementation of ARR in some geckos is quite slow; and for those without tails, the ARR is even unobservable. Since ARA is compromised in Gekko geckos, there must be some other mechanisms responsible for protecting them from head injuries during falls. In this study, we looked into a Gekko gecko’s brain to study its internal environment and structure, using the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique. The results showed that the brain parenchyma was fully surrounded by the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the skull. A succulent characteristic was presented, which meant the intracalvarium was significantly occupied by the CSF, up to 45% in volume. Then a simplified three-dimensional finite element model was built, and a dynamic simulation was conducted to evaluate the mechanical property of this succulent characteristic during the head impactions. These implied the succulent characteristic may play certain roles on the self-protection in case of head impaction, which is adaptable to the Gekko gecko’s locomotion and behavior.
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spelling doaj-art-066ad30affc244d3bdfc7e55baa66bc22025-08-20T03:54:16ZengWileyApplied Bionics and Biomechanics1176-23221754-21032018-01-01201810.1155/2018/98578949857894Passive Cushiony Biomechanics of Head Protection in Falling GeckosHao Wang0Wenbo Wang1Yi Song2Lei Cai3Zhendong Dai4College of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaCollege of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaCollege of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaCollege of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaCollege of Astronautics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaGekko geckos are capable to crawl on the steep even on upside-down surfaces. Such movement, especially at great altitude, puts them at high risks of incidentally dropping down and inevitable body or head impactions, though they may trigger air-righting reaction (ARR) to attenuate the landing shocks. However, the air-righting ability (ARA) in Gekko geckos is not fully developed. The implementation of ARR in some geckos is quite slow; and for those without tails, the ARR is even unobservable. Since ARA is compromised in Gekko geckos, there must be some other mechanisms responsible for protecting them from head injuries during falls. In this study, we looked into a Gekko gecko’s brain to study its internal environment and structure, using the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique. The results showed that the brain parenchyma was fully surrounded by the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the skull. A succulent characteristic was presented, which meant the intracalvarium was significantly occupied by the CSF, up to 45% in volume. Then a simplified three-dimensional finite element model was built, and a dynamic simulation was conducted to evaluate the mechanical property of this succulent characteristic during the head impactions. These implied the succulent characteristic may play certain roles on the self-protection in case of head impaction, which is adaptable to the Gekko gecko’s locomotion and behavior.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9857894
spellingShingle Hao Wang
Wenbo Wang
Yi Song
Lei Cai
Zhendong Dai
Passive Cushiony Biomechanics of Head Protection in Falling Geckos
Applied Bionics and Biomechanics
title Passive Cushiony Biomechanics of Head Protection in Falling Geckos
title_full Passive Cushiony Biomechanics of Head Protection in Falling Geckos
title_fullStr Passive Cushiony Biomechanics of Head Protection in Falling Geckos
title_full_unstemmed Passive Cushiony Biomechanics of Head Protection in Falling Geckos
title_short Passive Cushiony Biomechanics of Head Protection in Falling Geckos
title_sort passive cushiony biomechanics of head protection in falling geckos
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9857894
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AT yisong passivecushionybiomechanicsofheadprotectioninfallinggeckos
AT leicai passivecushionybiomechanicsofheadprotectioninfallinggeckos
AT zhendongdai passivecushionybiomechanicsofheadprotectioninfallinggeckos