Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors from Pharmaceutical Wastes: Advancing Energy-Efficient Chemistry with Green Solutions
Pharmaceutical waste is a type of bio-waste inevitably generated by the pharmaceutical industry, often due to regulatory changes, product deterioration, or expiration. However, their collection and valorization can be approached from a sustainable perspective, offering potential energy-efficient sol...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/224 |
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| author | Narasimha Raghavendra Sharanappa Chapi Murugendrappa M. V. Małgorzata Pawlak Mohammad Reza Saeb |
| author_facet | Narasimha Raghavendra Sharanappa Chapi Murugendrappa M. V. Małgorzata Pawlak Mohammad Reza Saeb |
| author_sort | Narasimha Raghavendra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pharmaceutical waste is a type of bio-waste inevitably generated by the pharmaceutical industry, often due to regulatory changes, product deterioration, or expiration. However, their collection and valorization can be approached from a sustainable perspective, offering potential energy-efficient solutions. In this work, the expired Eslicarbazepine acetate drug (ESLD) was utilized as a sustainable anticorrosive agent against mild steel in a 3 M HCl wash solution. Experimental tests combined with theoretical Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations revealed the corrosion inhibition potential of ESLD. The gasometrical results revealed a high inhibition efficiency rate of 98% upon increases in concentration of expired ESLD from 0.25 to 1.00 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>, whereas hydrogen gas evolution decreased to 0.7 mL. An impedance investigation evidenced the pivotal role of charge transfer in reducing the disintegration process. As per DFT computations and MC simulation, electron-rich elements in the expired ESLD were key in controlling the dissolution through the adsorption process. Contact angle studies revealed that the increment in the contact angle from 61° to 80° in the presence of expired ESLD validates the chemical, electrochemical, and computational results. This approach not only mitigates pharmaceutical pollution, but also exemplifies the integration of green chemistry principles into corrosion protection, contributing to energy-efficient and sustainable industrial practices. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-065d6bd74eed4930bb566354a33baa44 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-065d6bd74eed4930bb566354a33baa442025-01-24T13:30:41ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-01-0118222410.3390/en18020224Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors from Pharmaceutical Wastes: Advancing Energy-Efficient Chemistry with Green SolutionsNarasimha Raghavendra0Sharanappa Chapi1Murugendrappa M. V.2Małgorzata Pawlak3Mohammad Reza Saeb4Department of Chemistry, K. L. E. Society’s P. C. Jabin Science College, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Physics, B. M. S. College of Engineering, Bull Temple Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru 560019, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Physics, B. M. S. College of Engineering, Bull Temple Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru 560019, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Ship Operation, Faculty of Navigation, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-87 Morska St., 81-225 Gdynia, PolandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, PolandPharmaceutical waste is a type of bio-waste inevitably generated by the pharmaceutical industry, often due to regulatory changes, product deterioration, or expiration. However, their collection and valorization can be approached from a sustainable perspective, offering potential energy-efficient solutions. In this work, the expired Eslicarbazepine acetate drug (ESLD) was utilized as a sustainable anticorrosive agent against mild steel in a 3 M HCl wash solution. Experimental tests combined with theoretical Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations revealed the corrosion inhibition potential of ESLD. The gasometrical results revealed a high inhibition efficiency rate of 98% upon increases in concentration of expired ESLD from 0.25 to 1.00 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>, whereas hydrogen gas evolution decreased to 0.7 mL. An impedance investigation evidenced the pivotal role of charge transfer in reducing the disintegration process. As per DFT computations and MC simulation, electron-rich elements in the expired ESLD were key in controlling the dissolution through the adsorption process. Contact angle studies revealed that the increment in the contact angle from 61° to 80° in the presence of expired ESLD validates the chemical, electrochemical, and computational results. This approach not only mitigates pharmaceutical pollution, but also exemplifies the integration of green chemistry principles into corrosion protection, contributing to energy-efficient and sustainable industrial practices.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/224pharmaceutical materialsMonte Carlo simulationDFT computationcontact anglecorrosion inhibitor |
| spellingShingle | Narasimha Raghavendra Sharanappa Chapi Murugendrappa M. V. Małgorzata Pawlak Mohammad Reza Saeb Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors from Pharmaceutical Wastes: Advancing Energy-Efficient Chemistry with Green Solutions Energies pharmaceutical materials Monte Carlo simulation DFT computation contact angle corrosion inhibitor |
| title | Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors from Pharmaceutical Wastes: Advancing Energy-Efficient Chemistry with Green Solutions |
| title_full | Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors from Pharmaceutical Wastes: Advancing Energy-Efficient Chemistry with Green Solutions |
| title_fullStr | Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors from Pharmaceutical Wastes: Advancing Energy-Efficient Chemistry with Green Solutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors from Pharmaceutical Wastes: Advancing Energy-Efficient Chemistry with Green Solutions |
| title_short | Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors from Pharmaceutical Wastes: Advancing Energy-Efficient Chemistry with Green Solutions |
| title_sort | sustainable corrosion inhibitors from pharmaceutical wastes advancing energy efficient chemistry with green solutions |
| topic | pharmaceutical materials Monte Carlo simulation DFT computation contact angle corrosion inhibitor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/224 |
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