The Burden of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: Results of a Large Population-Based Survey.
<h4>Background</h4>Reliable estimates of the burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are crucial for effective control and prevention of tuberculosis (TB). Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a high TB burden country with limited information on the magnitude of the MDR-TB problem.<h...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2016-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0149806&type=printable |
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| author | Paul Aia Margaret Kal Evelyn Lavu Lucy N John Karen Johnson Chris Coulter Julia Ershova Olga Tosas Matteo Zignol Shalala Ahmadova Tauhid Islam |
| author_facet | Paul Aia Margaret Kal Evelyn Lavu Lucy N John Karen Johnson Chris Coulter Julia Ershova Olga Tosas Matteo Zignol Shalala Ahmadova Tauhid Islam |
| author_sort | Paul Aia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Reliable estimates of the burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are crucial for effective control and prevention of tuberculosis (TB). Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a high TB burden country with limited information on the magnitude of the MDR-TB problem.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional study was conducted in four PNG provinces: Madang, Morobe, National Capital District and Western Province. Patient sputum samples were tested for rifampicin resistance by the Xpert MTB/RIF assay and those showing the presence of resistance underwent phenotypic susceptibility testing to first- and second-line anti-TB drugs including streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, ofloxacin, amikacin, kanamycin and capreomycin.<h4>Results</h4>Among 1,182 TB patients enrolled in the study, MDR-TB was detected in 20 new (2.7%; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.1-4.3%) and 24 previously treated (19.1%; 95%CI: 8.5-29.8%) TB cases. No case of extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) was detected. Thirty percent (6/20) of new and 33.3% (8/24) of previously treated cases with MDR-TB were detected in a single cluster in Western Province.<h4>Conclusion</h4>In PNG the proportion of MDR-TB in new cases is slightly lower than the regional average of 4.4% (95%CI: 2.6-6.3%). A large proportion of MDR-TB cases were identified from a single hospital in Western Province, suggesting that the prevalence of MDR-TB across the country is heterogeneous. Future surveys should further explore this finding. The survey also helped strengthening the use of smear microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF testing as diagnostic tools for TB in the country. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-06445a9cfbd944f8b0c08f205b6ea509 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-06445a9cfbd944f8b0c08f205b6ea5092025-08-20T03:26:11ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032016-01-01113e014980610.1371/journal.pone.0149806The Burden of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: Results of a Large Population-Based Survey.Paul AiaMargaret KalEvelyn LavuLucy N JohnKaren JohnsonChris CoulterJulia ErshovaOlga TosasMatteo ZignolShalala AhmadovaTauhid Islam<h4>Background</h4>Reliable estimates of the burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are crucial for effective control and prevention of tuberculosis (TB). Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a high TB burden country with limited information on the magnitude of the MDR-TB problem.<h4>Methods</h4>A cross-sectional study was conducted in four PNG provinces: Madang, Morobe, National Capital District and Western Province. Patient sputum samples were tested for rifampicin resistance by the Xpert MTB/RIF assay and those showing the presence of resistance underwent phenotypic susceptibility testing to first- and second-line anti-TB drugs including streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, ofloxacin, amikacin, kanamycin and capreomycin.<h4>Results</h4>Among 1,182 TB patients enrolled in the study, MDR-TB was detected in 20 new (2.7%; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.1-4.3%) and 24 previously treated (19.1%; 95%CI: 8.5-29.8%) TB cases. No case of extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) was detected. Thirty percent (6/20) of new and 33.3% (8/24) of previously treated cases with MDR-TB were detected in a single cluster in Western Province.<h4>Conclusion</h4>In PNG the proportion of MDR-TB in new cases is slightly lower than the regional average of 4.4% (95%CI: 2.6-6.3%). A large proportion of MDR-TB cases were identified from a single hospital in Western Province, suggesting that the prevalence of MDR-TB across the country is heterogeneous. Future surveys should further explore this finding. The survey also helped strengthening the use of smear microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF testing as diagnostic tools for TB in the country.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0149806&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Paul Aia Margaret Kal Evelyn Lavu Lucy N John Karen Johnson Chris Coulter Julia Ershova Olga Tosas Matteo Zignol Shalala Ahmadova Tauhid Islam The Burden of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: Results of a Large Population-Based Survey. PLoS ONE |
| title | The Burden of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: Results of a Large Population-Based Survey. |
| title_full | The Burden of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: Results of a Large Population-Based Survey. |
| title_fullStr | The Burden of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: Results of a Large Population-Based Survey. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Burden of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: Results of a Large Population-Based Survey. |
| title_short | The Burden of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: Results of a Large Population-Based Survey. |
| title_sort | burden of drug resistant tuberculosis in papua new guinea results of a large population based survey |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0149806&type=printable |
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