Analysis of the Changes in Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities During Fermentation of Sweet Fermented Rice

As a traditional rice wine, sweet fermented rice (SFR) is widely loved because of its unique flavor and high nutritional value. However, the physicochemical properties, microbial community composition, and metabolic pathway changes during the fermentation process of sweet wine have not been evaluate...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jiaqiong Wan, Ping Tian, Xiaozhen Liu, Hanyao Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/7/1121
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849739051275386880
author Jiaqiong Wan
Ping Tian
Xiaozhen Liu
Hanyao Zhang
author_facet Jiaqiong Wan
Ping Tian
Xiaozhen Liu
Hanyao Zhang
author_sort Jiaqiong Wan
collection DOAJ
description As a traditional rice wine, sweet fermented rice (SFR) is widely loved because of its unique flavor and high nutritional value. However, the physicochemical properties, microbial community composition, and metabolic pathway changes during the fermentation process of sweet wine have not been evaluated, and these changes can lead to unstable SFR quality. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze and elucidate the dynamic changes in the microbial community, metabolic pathways, and carbohydrate enzyme functions in traditional SFR fermentation broth. The results revealed that <i>Rhizopus</i> abundance = 160,943.659 and <i>Wickerhamomyces</i> abundance = 241,660.954 were the predominant fungal genera in the fermentation process from the beginning (A0) to the end (A43) of SFR fermentation. The results of the diversity analysis revealed that the structure and composition of the microbial communities first increased but then decreased. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that energy production and conversion, carbohydrate transport, and amino acid transport were the most active metabolic pathways in fermentation. Moreover, the three primary functions of glycosyltransferases (GTs), glycoside hydrolases (GHs), and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) in carbohydrate enzyme analysis were involved in the whole fermentation process. This study only provides some insight into the dynamic changes in the microbial population of SFR single samples prepared under fixed conditions. It provides a reference for optimizing the physicochemical properties of SFR fermentation broth, controlling the microbial community structure, optimizing fermentation conditions, and improving product quality.
format Article
id doaj-art-063108da74184bcb9ec9bbcfbf4e6f83
institution DOAJ
issn 2304-8158
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Foods
spelling doaj-art-063108da74184bcb9ec9bbcfbf4e6f832025-08-20T03:06:24ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-03-01147112110.3390/foods14071121Analysis of the Changes in Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities During Fermentation of Sweet Fermented RiceJiaqiong Wan0Ping Tian1Xiaozhen Liu2Hanyao Zhang3Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaKey Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaKey Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaKey Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, ChinaAs a traditional rice wine, sweet fermented rice (SFR) is widely loved because of its unique flavor and high nutritional value. However, the physicochemical properties, microbial community composition, and metabolic pathway changes during the fermentation process of sweet wine have not been evaluated, and these changes can lead to unstable SFR quality. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze and elucidate the dynamic changes in the microbial community, metabolic pathways, and carbohydrate enzyme functions in traditional SFR fermentation broth. The results revealed that <i>Rhizopus</i> abundance = 160,943.659 and <i>Wickerhamomyces</i> abundance = 241,660.954 were the predominant fungal genera in the fermentation process from the beginning (A0) to the end (A43) of SFR fermentation. The results of the diversity analysis revealed that the structure and composition of the microbial communities first increased but then decreased. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that energy production and conversion, carbohydrate transport, and amino acid transport were the most active metabolic pathways in fermentation. Moreover, the three primary functions of glycosyltransferases (GTs), glycoside hydrolases (GHs), and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) in carbohydrate enzyme analysis were involved in the whole fermentation process. This study only provides some insight into the dynamic changes in the microbial population of SFR single samples prepared under fixed conditions. It provides a reference for optimizing the physicochemical properties of SFR fermentation broth, controlling the microbial community structure, optimizing fermentation conditions, and improving product quality.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/7/1121sweet winehigh-throughput sequencingphysicochemical propertiesmicrobial communities and differencesdominant species
spellingShingle Jiaqiong Wan
Ping Tian
Xiaozhen Liu
Hanyao Zhang
Analysis of the Changes in Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities During Fermentation of Sweet Fermented Rice
Foods
sweet wine
high-throughput sequencing
physicochemical properties
microbial communities and differences
dominant species
title Analysis of the Changes in Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities During Fermentation of Sweet Fermented Rice
title_full Analysis of the Changes in Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities During Fermentation of Sweet Fermented Rice
title_fullStr Analysis of the Changes in Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities During Fermentation of Sweet Fermented Rice
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of the Changes in Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities During Fermentation of Sweet Fermented Rice
title_short Analysis of the Changes in Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities During Fermentation of Sweet Fermented Rice
title_sort analysis of the changes in physicochemical properties and microbial communities during fermentation of sweet fermented rice
topic sweet wine
high-throughput sequencing
physicochemical properties
microbial communities and differences
dominant species
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/7/1121
work_keys_str_mv AT jiaqiongwan analysisofthechangesinphysicochemicalpropertiesandmicrobialcommunitiesduringfermentationofsweetfermentedrice
AT pingtian analysisofthechangesinphysicochemicalpropertiesandmicrobialcommunitiesduringfermentationofsweetfermentedrice
AT xiaozhenliu analysisofthechangesinphysicochemicalpropertiesandmicrobialcommunitiesduringfermentationofsweetfermentedrice
AT hanyaozhang analysisofthechangesinphysicochemicalpropertiesandmicrobialcommunitiesduringfermentationofsweetfermentedrice