Identification of the Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i>) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Gene and Functional Analysis of <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> in Citric Acid Metabolism
Citric acid serves as the principal organic acid in citrus fruits, with its concentration critically determining fruit flavor and market acceptability. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), a key enzyme in citric acid metabolism, mediates the conversion of citrate to α-ketoglutarate. This study cloned six...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Longfei Jin Yang Yue Feng Liu Mingxia Wen Bei Huang Peng Wang |
| author_facet | Longfei Jin Yang Yue Feng Liu Mingxia Wen Bei Huang Peng Wang |
| author_sort | Longfei Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Citric acid serves as the principal organic acid in citrus fruits, with its concentration critically determining fruit flavor and market acceptability. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), a key enzyme in citric acid metabolism, mediates the conversion of citrate to α-ketoglutarate. This study cloned six candidate genes encoding IDH from grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i>). Bioinformatics analysis showed that all six genes contained the typical characteristic structure of IDH. Gene expression analysis found that <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> is highly expressed in mature and low-acid varieties. Overexpression of <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> significantly increased IDH enzyme activity and decreased citric acid content in transgenic grapefruit callus. These results showed that at least six genes encoding IDH exist in grapefruit, among which <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> catalyzes the decomposition of citric acid and regulates the organic acid content in fruits at maturity. <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> can be used as a candidate gene for molecular breeding of low-acid citrus varieties and as an essential target gene for developing citrus cultivation technology for reducing acid content. |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
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| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj-art-060e480876bd4cb08eae3a90b2ff80fb2025-08-20T02:20:57ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242025-05-0111659810.3390/horticulturae11060598Identification of the Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i>) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Gene and Functional Analysis of <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> in Citric Acid MetabolismLongfei Jin0Yang Yue1Feng Liu2Mingxia Wen3Bei Huang4Peng Wang5Institute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaCollege of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaInstitute of Citrus Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taizhou 318026, ChinaCitric acid serves as the principal organic acid in citrus fruits, with its concentration critically determining fruit flavor and market acceptability. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), a key enzyme in citric acid metabolism, mediates the conversion of citrate to α-ketoglutarate. This study cloned six candidate genes encoding IDH from grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i>). Bioinformatics analysis showed that all six genes contained the typical characteristic structure of IDH. Gene expression analysis found that <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> is highly expressed in mature and low-acid varieties. Overexpression of <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> significantly increased IDH enzyme activity and decreased citric acid content in transgenic grapefruit callus. These results showed that at least six genes encoding IDH exist in grapefruit, among which <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> catalyzes the decomposition of citric acid and regulates the organic acid content in fruits at maturity. <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> can be used as a candidate gene for molecular breeding of low-acid citrus varieties and as an essential target gene for developing citrus cultivation technology for reducing acid content.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/6/598citrusisocitrate dehydrogenasecitric acid<i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> |
| spellingShingle | Longfei Jin Yang Yue Feng Liu Mingxia Wen Bei Huang Peng Wang Identification of the Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i>) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Gene and Functional Analysis of <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> in Citric Acid Metabolism Horticulturae citrus isocitrate dehydrogenase citric acid <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> |
| title | Identification of the Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i>) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Gene and Functional Analysis of <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> in Citric Acid Metabolism |
| title_full | Identification of the Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i>) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Gene and Functional Analysis of <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> in Citric Acid Metabolism |
| title_fullStr | Identification of the Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i>) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Gene and Functional Analysis of <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> in Citric Acid Metabolism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of the Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i>) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Gene and Functional Analysis of <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> in Citric Acid Metabolism |
| title_short | Identification of the Grapefruit (<i>Citrus paradisi</i>) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Gene and Functional Analysis of <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> in Citric Acid Metabolism |
| title_sort | identification of the grapefruit i citrus paradisi i isocitrate dehydrogenase gene and functional analysis of i cpnadp idh1 i in citric acid metabolism |
| topic | citrus isocitrate dehydrogenase citric acid <i>CpNADP-IDH1</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/11/6/598 |
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