Evaluation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Handmade Paints with Inorganic Pigments from Cusco According to American Society for Testing and Materials’ Standards for Architectural Applications
The artisanal production of paints using inorganic pigments from the Cusco Valley is considered a sustainable alternative to the use of synthetic industrial paints. This approach not only helps reduce the environmental footprint associated with the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) but also u...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | Architecture |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8945/5/2/35 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849435080478425088 |
|---|---|
| author | Carlos Guillermo Vargas Febres Ana Torres Barchino Juan Serra Lluch Edwin Roberto Gudiel Rodríguez |
| author_facet | Carlos Guillermo Vargas Febres Ana Torres Barchino Juan Serra Lluch Edwin Roberto Gudiel Rodríguez |
| author_sort | Carlos Guillermo Vargas Febres |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The artisanal production of paints using inorganic pigments from the Cusco Valley is considered a sustainable alternative to the use of synthetic industrial paints. This approach not only helps reduce the environmental footprint associated with the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) but also utilizes local materials. The present study evaluates the physical and mechanical properties of paints obtained from natural pigments through standardized tests based on the American ASTM standards, focusing on adhesion (ASTM D-3359), drying time (ASTM D-1640), surface hardness (ASTM D-3363), and the performance of the paints when exposed to the environmental factors of Cusco (under real conditions). In this regard, the pigments were extracted from traditional quarries and processed through the sedimentation method (MS) and ball milling (MG). The produced paints were formulated with the addition of polyvinyl acetate (PVA) as a binder and water as a solvent and were applied to standardized panels. The results show that all samples meet the requirements of the technical parameters, demonstrating good adhesion, appropriate drying times, and acceptable hardness for architectural coatings, Chromatic variations (ΔE*) were recorded depending on the processing method and the level of environmental exposure, with paints containing ground pigments (MG) being more resistant to fading. This study concludes that these artisanal formulations represent a technically viable and culturally relevant alternative to industrial coatings, especially in contexts of heritage restoration or sustainable architecture. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-05dc441e8beb42159363f5d1fd4b6de2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-8945 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Architecture |
| spelling | doaj-art-05dc441e8beb42159363f5d1fd4b6de22025-08-20T03:26:25ZengMDPI AGArchitecture2673-89452025-05-01523510.3390/architecture5020035Evaluation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Handmade Paints with Inorganic Pigments from Cusco According to American Society for Testing and Materials’ Standards for Architectural ApplicationsCarlos Guillermo Vargas Febres0Ana Torres Barchino1Juan Serra Lluch2Edwin Roberto Gudiel Rodríguez3Professional School of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Andina del Cusco, Cusco 08006, PeruHigher Technical School of Architecture, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainHigher Technical School of Architecture, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainFaculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima 15088, PeruThe artisanal production of paints using inorganic pigments from the Cusco Valley is considered a sustainable alternative to the use of synthetic industrial paints. This approach not only helps reduce the environmental footprint associated with the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) but also utilizes local materials. The present study evaluates the physical and mechanical properties of paints obtained from natural pigments through standardized tests based on the American ASTM standards, focusing on adhesion (ASTM D-3359), drying time (ASTM D-1640), surface hardness (ASTM D-3363), and the performance of the paints when exposed to the environmental factors of Cusco (under real conditions). In this regard, the pigments were extracted from traditional quarries and processed through the sedimentation method (MS) and ball milling (MG). The produced paints were formulated with the addition of polyvinyl acetate (PVA) as a binder and water as a solvent and were applied to standardized panels. The results show that all samples meet the requirements of the technical parameters, demonstrating good adhesion, appropriate drying times, and acceptable hardness for architectural coatings, Chromatic variations (ΔE*) were recorded depending on the processing method and the level of environmental exposure, with paints containing ground pigments (MG) being more resistant to fading. This study concludes that these artisanal formulations represent a technically viable and culturally relevant alternative to industrial coatings, especially in contexts of heritage restoration or sustainable architecture.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8945/5/2/35paint durabilityASTM standardsadhesion testdrying timehardness test |
| spellingShingle | Carlos Guillermo Vargas Febres Ana Torres Barchino Juan Serra Lluch Edwin Roberto Gudiel Rodríguez Evaluation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Handmade Paints with Inorganic Pigments from Cusco According to American Society for Testing and Materials’ Standards for Architectural Applications Architecture paint durability ASTM standards adhesion test drying time hardness test |
| title | Evaluation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Handmade Paints with Inorganic Pigments from Cusco According to American Society for Testing and Materials’ Standards for Architectural Applications |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Handmade Paints with Inorganic Pigments from Cusco According to American Society for Testing and Materials’ Standards for Architectural Applications |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Handmade Paints with Inorganic Pigments from Cusco According to American Society for Testing and Materials’ Standards for Architectural Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Handmade Paints with Inorganic Pigments from Cusco According to American Society for Testing and Materials’ Standards for Architectural Applications |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Handmade Paints with Inorganic Pigments from Cusco According to American Society for Testing and Materials’ Standards for Architectural Applications |
| title_sort | evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of handmade paints with inorganic pigments from cusco according to american society for testing and materials standards for architectural applications |
| topic | paint durability ASTM standards adhesion test drying time hardness test |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8945/5/2/35 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT carlosguillermovargasfebres evaluationofthephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofhandmadepaintswithinorganicpigmentsfromcuscoaccordingtoamericansocietyfortestingandmaterialsstandardsforarchitecturalapplications AT anatorresbarchino evaluationofthephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofhandmadepaintswithinorganicpigmentsfromcuscoaccordingtoamericansocietyfortestingandmaterialsstandardsforarchitecturalapplications AT juanserralluch evaluationofthephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofhandmadepaintswithinorganicpigmentsfromcuscoaccordingtoamericansocietyfortestingandmaterialsstandardsforarchitecturalapplications AT edwinrobertogudielrodriguez evaluationofthephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofhandmadepaintswithinorganicpigmentsfromcuscoaccordingtoamericansocietyfortestingandmaterialsstandardsforarchitecturalapplications |