Equitable coverage? The roles of the private and public sectors in providing maternal, newborn and child health interventions in South Asia

Introduction The private sector accounts for an important share of health services available in South Asia. It is not known to what extent socioeconomic and urban–rural inequalities in maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) interventions are being affected by the presence of private providers.Met...

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Main Authors: Aluísio J D Barros, Cesar G Victora, Sufang Guo, Paul Rutter, Fernando C Wehrmeister, Luis Paulo Vidaletti, Liliana Carvajal-Aguirre, Gagan Gupta, Md Ziaul Matin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2019-07-01
Series:BMJ Global Health
Online Access:https://gh.bmj.com/content/4/4/e001495.full
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author Aluísio J D Barros
Cesar G Victora
Sufang Guo
Paul Rutter
Fernando C Wehrmeister
Luis Paulo Vidaletti
Liliana Carvajal-Aguirre
Gagan Gupta
Md Ziaul Matin
author_facet Aluísio J D Barros
Cesar G Victora
Sufang Guo
Paul Rutter
Fernando C Wehrmeister
Luis Paulo Vidaletti
Liliana Carvajal-Aguirre
Gagan Gupta
Md Ziaul Matin
author_sort Aluísio J D Barros
collection DOAJ
description Introduction The private sector accounts for an important share of health services available in South Asia. It is not known to what extent socioeconomic and urban–rural inequalities in maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) interventions are being affected by the presence of private providers.Methods Nationally representative surveys carried out from 2009 to 2015 were analysed for seven of the eight countries in South Asia, as data for Sri Lanka were not available. The outcomes studied included antenatal care (four or more visits), institutional delivery, early initiation of breast feeding, postnatal care for babies, and careseeking for diarrhoea and pneumonia. Results were stratified according to quintiles of household wealth and urban–rural residence.Results At regional level, the public sector played a larger role than the private sector in providing antenatal (24.8% vs 15.6% coverage), delivery (51.9% vs 26.8%) and postnatal care (15.7% vs 8.2%), as well as in the early initiation of breast feeding (26.1% vs 11.1%). The reverse was observed in careseeking for diarrhoea (15.0% and 46.2%) and pneumonia (18.2% and 50.5%). In 28 out of 37 possible analyses of coverage by country, socioeconomic inequalities were significantly wider in the private than in the public sector, and in only four cases the reverse pattern was observed. In 20 of the 37 analyses, the public sector was also more likely to be used by the wealthiest women and children.Conclusion The private sector plays a substantial role in delivering MNCH interventions in South Asia but is more inequitable than the public sector.
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spelling doaj-art-05d79b415ccd483988dfede835dea3072025-08-20T02:39:14ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Global Health2059-79082019-07-014410.1136/bmjgh-2019-001495Equitable coverage? The roles of the private and public sectors in providing maternal, newborn and child health interventions in South AsiaAluísio J D Barros0Cesar G Victora1Sufang Guo2Paul Rutter3Fernando C Wehrmeister4Luis Paulo Vidaletti5Liliana Carvajal-Aguirre6Gagan Gupta7Md Ziaul Matin810 Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, BrazilInternational Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, BrazilUNICEF Regional Office for South Asia, Kathmandu, NepalPharmacy Practice, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UKPostgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, BrazilInternational Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, BrazilData and Analytics Section, UNICEF, New York, New York, USAUNICEF India, United Nations Childrens Fund, New Delhi, IndiaUNICEF Bangladesh, Dhaka, BangladeshIntroduction The private sector accounts for an important share of health services available in South Asia. It is not known to what extent socioeconomic and urban–rural inequalities in maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) interventions are being affected by the presence of private providers.Methods Nationally representative surveys carried out from 2009 to 2015 were analysed for seven of the eight countries in South Asia, as data for Sri Lanka were not available. The outcomes studied included antenatal care (four or more visits), institutional delivery, early initiation of breast feeding, postnatal care for babies, and careseeking for diarrhoea and pneumonia. Results were stratified according to quintiles of household wealth and urban–rural residence.Results At regional level, the public sector played a larger role than the private sector in providing antenatal (24.8% vs 15.6% coverage), delivery (51.9% vs 26.8%) and postnatal care (15.7% vs 8.2%), as well as in the early initiation of breast feeding (26.1% vs 11.1%). The reverse was observed in careseeking for diarrhoea (15.0% and 46.2%) and pneumonia (18.2% and 50.5%). In 28 out of 37 possible analyses of coverage by country, socioeconomic inequalities were significantly wider in the private than in the public sector, and in only four cases the reverse pattern was observed. In 20 of the 37 analyses, the public sector was also more likely to be used by the wealthiest women and children.Conclusion The private sector plays a substantial role in delivering MNCH interventions in South Asia but is more inequitable than the public sector.https://gh.bmj.com/content/4/4/e001495.full
spellingShingle Aluísio J D Barros
Cesar G Victora
Sufang Guo
Paul Rutter
Fernando C Wehrmeister
Luis Paulo Vidaletti
Liliana Carvajal-Aguirre
Gagan Gupta
Md Ziaul Matin
Equitable coverage? The roles of the private and public sectors in providing maternal, newborn and child health interventions in South Asia
BMJ Global Health
title Equitable coverage? The roles of the private and public sectors in providing maternal, newborn and child health interventions in South Asia
title_full Equitable coverage? The roles of the private and public sectors in providing maternal, newborn and child health interventions in South Asia
title_fullStr Equitable coverage? The roles of the private and public sectors in providing maternal, newborn and child health interventions in South Asia
title_full_unstemmed Equitable coverage? The roles of the private and public sectors in providing maternal, newborn and child health interventions in South Asia
title_short Equitable coverage? The roles of the private and public sectors in providing maternal, newborn and child health interventions in South Asia
title_sort equitable coverage the roles of the private and public sectors in providing maternal newborn and child health interventions in south asia
url https://gh.bmj.com/content/4/4/e001495.full
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