Unveiling emerging polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urban atmospheric particulate matter
Despite the ubiquity and complexity of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), many of these compounds are largely unknown and lack sufficient toxicity data for comprehensive risk assessments. In this study, nontarget screening assisted by in-house and self-developed spectra databases was,...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412025000145 |
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| author | Jia-Yong Lao Tingyu Li Le Jing Xian Qin Wenyuan Su Huiju Lin Yuefei Ruan Ting Ruan Eddy Y. Zeng Kenneth M.Y. Leung Paul K.S. Lam |
| author_facet | Jia-Yong Lao Tingyu Li Le Jing Xian Qin Wenyuan Su Huiju Lin Yuefei Ruan Ting Ruan Eddy Y. Zeng Kenneth M.Y. Leung Paul K.S. Lam |
| author_sort | Jia-Yong Lao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite the ubiquity and complexity of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), many of these compounds are largely unknown and lack sufficient toxicity data for comprehensive risk assessments. In this study, nontarget screening assisted by in-house and self-developed spectra databases was, therefore, employed to identify PACs in atmospheric particulate matter collected from multiple outdoor settings. Additionally, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties were evaluated to indicate PAC’s overall abilities to cause adverse outcomes and incorporated into a novel health risk assessment model to assess their inhalation risks. Here, except for target PACs, 98 PAC analogues across eight categories were identified in the outdoor samples of atmospheric particulate matter. Their concentrations were source-specific and correlated to that of the total 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Virtual high-throughput screening results suggested that metabolism disruption and endocrine disruption might be significant non-carcinogenic effects caused by the PACs. However, PAHs and oxygenated PAHs exhibited stronger overall abilities to induce non-carcinogenic adverse outcomes in human body when compared to the other PACs. Among PACs, total PAHs exhibited the highest carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks, while emerging PAHs accounted for 47% and 27% of total carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks, respectively. This study advances our understanding of the potential harmful effects of PACs and provides insights into mitigating the inhalation risks from complex PAC exposures based on classified risk levels. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0594adfd56214d84bb0ca4b185b609be |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj-art-0594adfd56214d84bb0ca4b185b609be2025-01-24T04:44:17ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202025-01-01195109263Unveiling emerging polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urban atmospheric particulate matterJia-Yong Lao0Tingyu Li1Le Jing2Xian Qin3Wenyuan Su4Huiju Lin5Yuefei Ruan6Ting Ruan7Eddy Y. Zeng8Kenneth M.Y. Leung9Paul K.S. Lam10State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; Corresponding authors.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-3005, United StatesState Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaKey Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; Corresponding authors.State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaDespite the ubiquity and complexity of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), many of these compounds are largely unknown and lack sufficient toxicity data for comprehensive risk assessments. In this study, nontarget screening assisted by in-house and self-developed spectra databases was, therefore, employed to identify PACs in atmospheric particulate matter collected from multiple outdoor settings. Additionally, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties were evaluated to indicate PAC’s overall abilities to cause adverse outcomes and incorporated into a novel health risk assessment model to assess their inhalation risks. Here, except for target PACs, 98 PAC analogues across eight categories were identified in the outdoor samples of atmospheric particulate matter. Their concentrations were source-specific and correlated to that of the total 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Virtual high-throughput screening results suggested that metabolism disruption and endocrine disruption might be significant non-carcinogenic effects caused by the PACs. However, PAHs and oxygenated PAHs exhibited stronger overall abilities to induce non-carcinogenic adverse outcomes in human body when compared to the other PACs. Among PACs, total PAHs exhibited the highest carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks, while emerging PAHs accounted for 47% and 27% of total carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks, respectively. This study advances our understanding of the potential harmful effects of PACs and provides insights into mitigating the inhalation risks from complex PAC exposures based on classified risk levels.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412025000145Emerging PAHsPAH derivativesNontarget screeningIn silico toxicity profilingInhalation risk-based prioritization |
| spellingShingle | Jia-Yong Lao Tingyu Li Le Jing Xian Qin Wenyuan Su Huiju Lin Yuefei Ruan Ting Ruan Eddy Y. Zeng Kenneth M.Y. Leung Paul K.S. Lam Unveiling emerging polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urban atmospheric particulate matter Environment International Emerging PAHs PAH derivatives Nontarget screening In silico toxicity profiling Inhalation risk-based prioritization |
| title | Unveiling emerging polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urban atmospheric particulate matter |
| title_full | Unveiling emerging polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urban atmospheric particulate matter |
| title_fullStr | Unveiling emerging polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urban atmospheric particulate matter |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unveiling emerging polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urban atmospheric particulate matter |
| title_short | Unveiling emerging polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urban atmospheric particulate matter |
| title_sort | unveiling emerging polycyclic aromatic compounds in the urban atmospheric particulate matter |
| topic | Emerging PAHs PAH derivatives Nontarget screening In silico toxicity profiling Inhalation risk-based prioritization |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412025000145 |
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