A Thermodynamic and Experimental Analysis of Inclusions Modification in AH36 Liquid Steel by Calcium and Magnesium Treatment
The influence of calcium and magnesium treatment under different molten steel conditions, as well as that of the alloy proportion and addition sequence of calcium and magnesium in composite treatment, on the evolution of inclusions in AH36 liquid steel was analyzed systematically based on thermodyna...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Lei Kang Xiangwei Liao Peng Zhang Hui Kong Ting Wu |
| author_facet | Lei Kang Xiangwei Liao Peng Zhang Hui Kong Ting Wu |
| author_sort | Lei Kang |
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| description | The influence of calcium and magnesium treatment under different molten steel conditions, as well as that of the alloy proportion and addition sequence of calcium and magnesium in composite treatment, on the evolution of inclusions in AH36 liquid steel was analyzed systematically based on thermodynamic calculations. The results show that the inclusions in molten steel are mainly Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, which gradually transform into a liquid phase after calcium treatment with a wide range of calcium contents, indicating that calcium treatment has a significant effect on inclusion modification. Magnesium treatment mainly converts Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> into MgO·Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> inclusions in molten steel; however, it is not suitable to modify inclusions with magnesium treatment alone since it does not produce a significant liquid phase. The effect of calcium and magnesium composite treatment varies with the alloy content composition and the order of alloy addition. The liquid phase range of inclusions follows the order of 80%Ca + 20%Mg composite treatment > calcium treatment > 50%Ca + 50%Mg composite treatment > 20%Ca + 80%Mg composite treatment. Combining the thermodynamic and experimental analysis results, it can be concluded that the composite treatment of magnesium followed by calcium is the best. Specifically, a small amount of magnesium should be added first as the nucleating particle to promote the fine dispersion of the inclusions, thus reducing their impact on steel performance. Then, calcium should be added to modify the surface of the inclusions into a liquid phase, which can effectively reduce nozzle clogging. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-0585b9608cc84d4f89ed8b24f33f46432025-08-20T02:03:31ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012025-01-0115212610.3390/met15020126A Thermodynamic and Experimental Analysis of Inclusions Modification in AH36 Liquid Steel by Calcium and Magnesium TreatmentLei Kang0Xiangwei Liao1Peng Zhang2Hui Kong3Ting Wu4State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application, Anshan 114009, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application, Anshan 114009, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application, Anshan 114009, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application, Anshan 114009, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application, Anshan 114009, ChinaThe influence of calcium and magnesium treatment under different molten steel conditions, as well as that of the alloy proportion and addition sequence of calcium and magnesium in composite treatment, on the evolution of inclusions in AH36 liquid steel was analyzed systematically based on thermodynamic calculations. The results show that the inclusions in molten steel are mainly Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, which gradually transform into a liquid phase after calcium treatment with a wide range of calcium contents, indicating that calcium treatment has a significant effect on inclusion modification. Magnesium treatment mainly converts Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> into MgO·Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> inclusions in molten steel; however, it is not suitable to modify inclusions with magnesium treatment alone since it does not produce a significant liquid phase. The effect of calcium and magnesium composite treatment varies with the alloy content composition and the order of alloy addition. The liquid phase range of inclusions follows the order of 80%Ca + 20%Mg composite treatment > calcium treatment > 50%Ca + 50%Mg composite treatment > 20%Ca + 80%Mg composite treatment. Combining the thermodynamic and experimental analysis results, it can be concluded that the composite treatment of magnesium followed by calcium is the best. Specifically, a small amount of magnesium should be added first as the nucleating particle to promote the fine dispersion of the inclusions, thus reducing their impact on steel performance. Then, calcium should be added to modify the surface of the inclusions into a liquid phase, which can effectively reduce nozzle clogging.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/2/126thermodynamic analysisinclusion modificationcalcium treatmentmagnesium treatmentcalcium and magnesium composite treatment |
| spellingShingle | Lei Kang Xiangwei Liao Peng Zhang Hui Kong Ting Wu A Thermodynamic and Experimental Analysis of Inclusions Modification in AH36 Liquid Steel by Calcium and Magnesium Treatment Metals thermodynamic analysis inclusion modification calcium treatment magnesium treatment calcium and magnesium composite treatment |
| title | A Thermodynamic and Experimental Analysis of Inclusions Modification in AH36 Liquid Steel by Calcium and Magnesium Treatment |
| title_full | A Thermodynamic and Experimental Analysis of Inclusions Modification in AH36 Liquid Steel by Calcium and Magnesium Treatment |
| title_fullStr | A Thermodynamic and Experimental Analysis of Inclusions Modification in AH36 Liquid Steel by Calcium and Magnesium Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Thermodynamic and Experimental Analysis of Inclusions Modification in AH36 Liquid Steel by Calcium and Magnesium Treatment |
| title_short | A Thermodynamic and Experimental Analysis of Inclusions Modification in AH36 Liquid Steel by Calcium and Magnesium Treatment |
| title_sort | thermodynamic and experimental analysis of inclusions modification in ah36 liquid steel by calcium and magnesium treatment |
| topic | thermodynamic analysis inclusion modification calcium treatment magnesium treatment calcium and magnesium composite treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/2/126 |
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