Salivary periostin levels as a non-invasive biomarker and their clinical correlates among healthy and periodontitis patients—a cross-sectional analytical study
BackgroundThe diagnosis of periodontitis is primarily through clinical and radiographic assessments. However, it is difficult for clinicians to detect incipient periodontitis during the routine clinical assessment. Identifying people at risk for periodontitis and tracking disease development need a...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Dental Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1512252/full |
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| author | Priyanka Padalkar Sunaina Shetty Yadadi Gopinath Vivekanandan Shishir Ram Shetty Mangesh Andhare Aditi Pashine Vineet Vinay Vijay Desai Vijay Desai Raghavendra M. Shetty Raghavendra M. Shetty Raghavendra M. Shetty |
| author_facet | Priyanka Padalkar Sunaina Shetty Yadadi Gopinath Vivekanandan Shishir Ram Shetty Mangesh Andhare Aditi Pashine Vineet Vinay Vijay Desai Vijay Desai Raghavendra M. Shetty Raghavendra M. Shetty Raghavendra M. Shetty |
| author_sort | Priyanka Padalkar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThe diagnosis of periodontitis is primarily through clinical and radiographic assessments. However, it is difficult for clinicians to detect incipient periodontitis during the routine clinical assessment. Identifying people at risk for periodontitis and tracking disease development need a dependable biomarker. Currently, no biomarkers meet all the criteria required for an ideal diagnostic test. Therefore, the clinical utility of salivary periostin as a potential screening tool for periodontitis warrants further investigation, particularly through large samples across diverse populations. The present study aimed to investigate salivary periostin levels as a biomarker in individuals with periodontitis and healthy controls.MethodsForty-five patients with generalized periodontitis stage III grade A/B and an equivalent number of periodontally healthy controls were evaluated for plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket probing depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Unstimulated salivary samples from all subjects were taken, and periostin levels were quantified using an ELISA kit.ResultsThe average salivary periostin levels were 4.63 in the healthy group and 1.24 in the periodontitis group (P < 0.05). The Spearman coefficient indicated a negative correlation between periostin levels and the gingival index (r = −0.761), plaque index (r = −0.780; P < 0.05), probing pocket depth (PPD) (r = −0.713; P < 0.05) and clinical attachment level (CAL) (r = −0.713; P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis validated the indirect correlation between salivary periostin levels and clinical indicators (Adjusted R square = 0.947).ConclusionsSalivary periostin levels are associated with periodontal disease. Salivary periostin levels indirectly influence as a non-invasive biomarker of periodontitis. The biomarker periostin is effective for evaluating both healthy and diseased periodontium. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0569fa97c2b14db6b2db48f5f527da10 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2673-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Dental Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-0569fa97c2b14db6b2db48f5f527da102025-08-20T03:00:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Dental Medicine2673-49152025-03-01610.3389/fdmed.2025.15122521512252Salivary periostin levels as a non-invasive biomarker and their clinical correlates among healthy and periodontitis patients—a cross-sectional analytical studyPriyanka Padalkar0Sunaina Shetty Yadadi1Gopinath Vivekanandan2Shishir Ram Shetty3Mangesh Andhare4Aditi Pashine5Vineet Vinay6Vijay Desai7Vijay Desai8Raghavendra M. Shetty9Raghavendra M. Shetty10Raghavendra M. Shetty11Department of Periodontology, Aditya Dental College, Beed, IndiaDepartment of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Periodontology, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Tiruchengodu, IndiaDepartment of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Periodontology, Aditya Dental College, Beed, IndiaAssociate Dentist, MyDentist, Hungerford, United KingdomDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, IndiaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab EmiratesCenter of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab EmiratesCenter of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IndiaBackgroundThe diagnosis of periodontitis is primarily through clinical and radiographic assessments. However, it is difficult for clinicians to detect incipient periodontitis during the routine clinical assessment. Identifying people at risk for periodontitis and tracking disease development need a dependable biomarker. Currently, no biomarkers meet all the criteria required for an ideal diagnostic test. Therefore, the clinical utility of salivary periostin as a potential screening tool for periodontitis warrants further investigation, particularly through large samples across diverse populations. The present study aimed to investigate salivary periostin levels as a biomarker in individuals with periodontitis and healthy controls.MethodsForty-five patients with generalized periodontitis stage III grade A/B and an equivalent number of periodontally healthy controls were evaluated for plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket probing depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Unstimulated salivary samples from all subjects were taken, and periostin levels were quantified using an ELISA kit.ResultsThe average salivary periostin levels were 4.63 in the healthy group and 1.24 in the periodontitis group (P < 0.05). The Spearman coefficient indicated a negative correlation between periostin levels and the gingival index (r = −0.761), plaque index (r = −0.780; P < 0.05), probing pocket depth (PPD) (r = −0.713; P < 0.05) and clinical attachment level (CAL) (r = −0.713; P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis validated the indirect correlation between salivary periostin levels and clinical indicators (Adjusted R square = 0.947).ConclusionsSalivary periostin levels are associated with periodontal disease. Salivary periostin levels indirectly influence as a non-invasive biomarker of periodontitis. The biomarker periostin is effective for evaluating both healthy and diseased periodontium.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1512252/fullbiomarkerperiodontitisperiostinsalivaclinical attachment losssalivary periostin |
| spellingShingle | Priyanka Padalkar Sunaina Shetty Yadadi Gopinath Vivekanandan Shishir Ram Shetty Mangesh Andhare Aditi Pashine Vineet Vinay Vijay Desai Vijay Desai Raghavendra M. Shetty Raghavendra M. Shetty Raghavendra M. Shetty Salivary periostin levels as a non-invasive biomarker and their clinical correlates among healthy and periodontitis patients—a cross-sectional analytical study Frontiers in Dental Medicine biomarker periodontitis periostin saliva clinical attachment loss salivary periostin |
| title | Salivary periostin levels as a non-invasive biomarker and their clinical correlates among healthy and periodontitis patients—a cross-sectional analytical study |
| title_full | Salivary periostin levels as a non-invasive biomarker and their clinical correlates among healthy and periodontitis patients—a cross-sectional analytical study |
| title_fullStr | Salivary periostin levels as a non-invasive biomarker and their clinical correlates among healthy and periodontitis patients—a cross-sectional analytical study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salivary periostin levels as a non-invasive biomarker and their clinical correlates among healthy and periodontitis patients—a cross-sectional analytical study |
| title_short | Salivary periostin levels as a non-invasive biomarker and their clinical correlates among healthy and periodontitis patients—a cross-sectional analytical study |
| title_sort | salivary periostin levels as a non invasive biomarker and their clinical correlates among healthy and periodontitis patients a cross sectional analytical study |
| topic | biomarker periodontitis periostin saliva clinical attachment loss salivary periostin |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1512252/full |
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