Low prognostic nutritional index predicts poor outcome in newly diagnosed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma

BackgroundAngioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, characterized by an aggressive disease course and poor prognosis. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which reflects nutritional and immune status, has emerged as a potential prognostic factor in...

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Main Authors: Renqin Li, Wei Zhang, Le Yu, Ping Wu, He Huang, Hongqiang Guo, Tongyu Lin, Huangming Hong, Huawei Weng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1622691/full
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author Renqin Li
Wei Zhang
Le Yu
Ping Wu
He Huang
Hongqiang Guo
Tongyu Lin
Tongyu Lin
Huangming Hong
Huawei Weng
author_facet Renqin Li
Wei Zhang
Le Yu
Ping Wu
He Huang
Hongqiang Guo
Tongyu Lin
Tongyu Lin
Huangming Hong
Huawei Weng
author_sort Renqin Li
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundAngioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, characterized by an aggressive disease course and poor prognosis. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which reflects nutritional and immune status, has emerged as a potential prognostic factor in various cancers.MethodsIn this multicenter retrospective study, a total of 173 patients with AITL between January 2010 and December 2022 were enrolled from three institutes in China. The optimal cutoff value for PNI was determined using the maximally selected rank statistics (MaxStat) analysis. The association of PNI and overall survival (OS) or progression free survival (PFS) was evaluated in univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the prognostic performance and predictive accuracy of PNI combined with International Prognostic Index (IPI) and Prognostic Index for T-cell lymphoma (PIT).ResultsBased on the MaxStat analysis, a score of 40.8 was identified as the optimal cutoff value for the PNI. Survival analysis revealed that the low PNI group had worse OS and PFS. The 3-year OS and PFS for the low PNI group were 27.5 and 26.5%, respectively, compared to 84.7 and 74.4% for the high PNI group (p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses indicated that PNI was significantly associated with both OS (HR 0.221, 95% CI 0.128–0.381, p < 0.001) and PFS (HR 0.380, 95% CI 0.242–0.596; p < 0.001). We further integrated PNI into the IPI and PIT prognostic models, and the predictive accuracy of both models was significantly improved.ConclusionPNI is a simple and easily accessible prognostic indicator for AITL.
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spelling doaj-art-0519cf8b65444cbcb3186bc43be098cb2025-08-20T03:30:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-06-011210.3389/fnut.2025.16226911622691Low prognostic nutritional index predicts poor outcome in newly diagnosed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomaRenqin Li0Wei Zhang1Le Yu2Ping Wu3He Huang4Hongqiang Guo5Tongyu Lin6Tongyu Lin7Huangming Hong8Huawei Weng9Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaBackgroundAngioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, characterized by an aggressive disease course and poor prognosis. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which reflects nutritional and immune status, has emerged as a potential prognostic factor in various cancers.MethodsIn this multicenter retrospective study, a total of 173 patients with AITL between January 2010 and December 2022 were enrolled from three institutes in China. The optimal cutoff value for PNI was determined using the maximally selected rank statistics (MaxStat) analysis. The association of PNI and overall survival (OS) or progression free survival (PFS) was evaluated in univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the prognostic performance and predictive accuracy of PNI combined with International Prognostic Index (IPI) and Prognostic Index for T-cell lymphoma (PIT).ResultsBased on the MaxStat analysis, a score of 40.8 was identified as the optimal cutoff value for the PNI. Survival analysis revealed that the low PNI group had worse OS and PFS. The 3-year OS and PFS for the low PNI group were 27.5 and 26.5%, respectively, compared to 84.7 and 74.4% for the high PNI group (p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses indicated that PNI was significantly associated with both OS (HR 0.221, 95% CI 0.128–0.381, p < 0.001) and PFS (HR 0.380, 95% CI 0.242–0.596; p < 0.001). We further integrated PNI into the IPI and PIT prognostic models, and the predictive accuracy of both models was significantly improved.ConclusionPNI is a simple and easily accessible prognostic indicator for AITL.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1622691/fullangioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomaprognostic nutritional indexlymphocytealbuminprognosisrisk models
spellingShingle Renqin Li
Wei Zhang
Le Yu
Ping Wu
He Huang
Hongqiang Guo
Tongyu Lin
Tongyu Lin
Huangming Hong
Huawei Weng
Low prognostic nutritional index predicts poor outcome in newly diagnosed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
Frontiers in Nutrition
angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
prognostic nutritional index
lymphocyte
albumin
prognosis
risk models
title Low prognostic nutritional index predicts poor outcome in newly diagnosed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
title_full Low prognostic nutritional index predicts poor outcome in newly diagnosed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
title_fullStr Low prognostic nutritional index predicts poor outcome in newly diagnosed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
title_full_unstemmed Low prognostic nutritional index predicts poor outcome in newly diagnosed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
title_short Low prognostic nutritional index predicts poor outcome in newly diagnosed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
title_sort low prognostic nutritional index predicts poor outcome in newly diagnosed angioimmunoblastic t cell lymphoma
topic angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
prognostic nutritional index
lymphocyte
albumin
prognosis
risk models
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1622691/full
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