Nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers for efficient solid phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water samples
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have received increasing attention owing to their ubiquitous occurrence in environmental water systems and adverse effects. In order to monitor trace levels of NSAIDs from complex water samples, development of facile and efficient sample pretreatment is...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Advances in Sample Preparation |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772582025000026 |
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| author | Yuqi Cheng Jia Li Xiaochen Xiu Xinghua Teng Wen Zhang Lei Ji Leilei Wang |
| author_facet | Yuqi Cheng Jia Li Xiaochen Xiu Xinghua Teng Wen Zhang Lei Ji Leilei Wang |
| author_sort | Yuqi Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have received increasing attention owing to their ubiquitous occurrence in environmental water systems and adverse effects. In order to monitor trace levels of NSAIDs from complex water samples, development of facile and efficient sample pretreatment is of great significance. Herein, a nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymer containing phenyl, triazine and amine groups was fabricated via solvent-free copolymerization. Then, utilizing nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymer as adsorbent for solid phase extraction cartridges, the pretreatment method was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection to quantify five representative NSAIDs (ketoprofen, carprofen, flurbiprofen, diclofenac and mefenamic acid) in environmental water samples. Under the optimal extraction conditions (adsorbent amount: 40 mg; NaCl concentration: 0%; pH 6; extraction time: 20min; eluent solvent: 4 mL of formic acid/acetonitrile (5%, v/v)), the proposed method provided low detection limits (0.06–0.2 μg L-1), wide linear ranges (0.2–100 μg L-1) with correlation coefficients (0.9991–0.9997) and acceptable precision (RSDs, 6.6–8.5% for intra-day, 7.2–9.5% for inter-day). The practical application of the method was confirmed through the successful determination of NSAIDs in tap water, surface water, and sewage. The recoveries in these samples at the four NSAIDs concentration levels ranged from 81.3% to 109.8%, with the RSDs lower than 7.8%. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-050909d209b74e31a28d36d79215d8f3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2772-5820 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advances in Sample Preparation |
| spelling | doaj-art-050909d209b74e31a28d36d79215d8f32025-01-19T06:26:58ZengElsevierAdvances in Sample Preparation2772-58202025-02-0113100148Nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers for efficient solid phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water samplesYuqi Cheng0Jia Li1Xiaochen Xiu2Xinghua Teng3Wen Zhang4Lei Ji5Leilei Wang6Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Jinan 250014, PR ChinaQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Jinan 250014, PR ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Dalian 124221, PR ChinaQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Jinan 250014, PR ChinaQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Jinan 250014, PR ChinaQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Jinan 250014, PR ChinaQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Jinan 250014, PR China; Corresponding author at: Qilu University of Technology, PR China.Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have received increasing attention owing to their ubiquitous occurrence in environmental water systems and adverse effects. In order to monitor trace levels of NSAIDs from complex water samples, development of facile and efficient sample pretreatment is of great significance. Herein, a nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymer containing phenyl, triazine and amine groups was fabricated via solvent-free copolymerization. Then, utilizing nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymer as adsorbent for solid phase extraction cartridges, the pretreatment method was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection to quantify five representative NSAIDs (ketoprofen, carprofen, flurbiprofen, diclofenac and mefenamic acid) in environmental water samples. Under the optimal extraction conditions (adsorbent amount: 40 mg; NaCl concentration: 0%; pH 6; extraction time: 20min; eluent solvent: 4 mL of formic acid/acetonitrile (5%, v/v)), the proposed method provided low detection limits (0.06–0.2 μg L-1), wide linear ranges (0.2–100 μg L-1) with correlation coefficients (0.9991–0.9997) and acceptable precision (RSDs, 6.6–8.5% for intra-day, 7.2–9.5% for inter-day). The practical application of the method was confirmed through the successful determination of NSAIDs in tap water, surface water, and sewage. The recoveries in these samples at the four NSAIDs concentration levels ranged from 81.3% to 109.8%, with the RSDs lower than 7.8%.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772582025000026Covalent organic polymersSolid phase extractionNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugsHPLC-DAD |
| spellingShingle | Yuqi Cheng Jia Li Xiaochen Xiu Xinghua Teng Wen Zhang Lei Ji Leilei Wang Nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers for efficient solid phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water samples Advances in Sample Preparation Covalent organic polymers Solid phase extraction Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs HPLC-DAD |
| title | Nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers for efficient solid phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water samples |
| title_full | Nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers for efficient solid phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water samples |
| title_fullStr | Nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers for efficient solid phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers for efficient solid phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water samples |
| title_short | Nitrogen-rich covalent organic polymers for efficient solid phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water samples |
| title_sort | nitrogen rich covalent organic polymers for efficient solid phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs from water samples |
| topic | Covalent organic polymers Solid phase extraction Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs HPLC-DAD |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772582025000026 |
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