Detection of Feline Coronavirus RNA in Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis and Their Housemates

Feline coronavirus (FCoV), the causative agent behind feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), is one of the biggest infectious threats to feline health. Despite this threat, the tissue distribution and viral RNA levels in cats infected with feline coronaviruses are poorly understood in the context of n...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Phoenix M. Shepherd, Amy Elbe, Brianna M. Lynch, Erin Lashnits, Robert N. Kirchdoerfer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Viruses
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/948
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849713265690542080
author Phoenix M. Shepherd
Amy Elbe
Brianna M. Lynch
Erin Lashnits
Robert N. Kirchdoerfer
author_facet Phoenix M. Shepherd
Amy Elbe
Brianna M. Lynch
Erin Lashnits
Robert N. Kirchdoerfer
author_sort Phoenix M. Shepherd
collection DOAJ
description Feline coronavirus (FCoV), the causative agent behind feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), is one of the biggest infectious threats to feline health. Despite this threat, the tissue distribution and viral RNA levels in cats infected with feline coronaviruses are poorly understood in the context of natural infection. Here, we used a two-step reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to examine viral RNA levels from different sampling sites in both cats that have been clinically suspected of FIP and their feline housemates. We show that the distribution and amount of FCoV viral RNA does not differ between FCoV-infected cats with FIP and their feline housemates in blood, conjunctiva, or feces. Furthermore, in all FIP and non-FIP cases, viral RNA levels were higher in fecal samples than the blood. Taken together, these results show that amount of viral RNA does not differ between FCoV-infected cats with FIP and their healthy housemates in several sample types. Our results indicate a need for closer examination of FCoV pathogenesis independent of viral dissemination, including an assessment of intrahost evolution of FCoVs and FCoVs’ interactions with the feline immune system.
format Article
id doaj-art-04fcc87b21994d4e939fd94b0ba551a1
institution DOAJ
issn 1999-4915
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Viruses
spelling doaj-art-04fcc87b21994d4e939fd94b0ba551a12025-08-20T03:14:00ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-07-0117794810.3390/v17070948Detection of Feline Coronavirus RNA in Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis and Their HousematesPhoenix M. Shepherd0Amy Elbe1Brianna M. Lynch2Erin Lashnits3Robert N. Kirchdoerfer4Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USADepartment of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USABiochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USAFeline coronavirus (FCoV), the causative agent behind feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), is one of the biggest infectious threats to feline health. Despite this threat, the tissue distribution and viral RNA levels in cats infected with feline coronaviruses are poorly understood in the context of natural infection. Here, we used a two-step reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to examine viral RNA levels from different sampling sites in both cats that have been clinically suspected of FIP and their feline housemates. We show that the distribution and amount of FCoV viral RNA does not differ between FCoV-infected cats with FIP and their feline housemates in blood, conjunctiva, or feces. Furthermore, in all FIP and non-FIP cases, viral RNA levels were higher in fecal samples than the blood. Taken together, these results show that amount of viral RNA does not differ between FCoV-infected cats with FIP and their healthy housemates in several sample types. Our results indicate a need for closer examination of FCoV pathogenesis independent of viral dissemination, including an assessment of intrahost evolution of FCoVs and FCoVs’ interactions with the feline immune system.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/948feline coronavirusFECVFIPVfeline infectious peritonitis
spellingShingle Phoenix M. Shepherd
Amy Elbe
Brianna M. Lynch
Erin Lashnits
Robert N. Kirchdoerfer
Detection of Feline Coronavirus RNA in Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis and Their Housemates
Viruses
feline coronavirus
FECV
FIPV
feline infectious peritonitis
title Detection of Feline Coronavirus RNA in Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis and Their Housemates
title_full Detection of Feline Coronavirus RNA in Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis and Their Housemates
title_fullStr Detection of Feline Coronavirus RNA in Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis and Their Housemates
title_full_unstemmed Detection of Feline Coronavirus RNA in Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis and Their Housemates
title_short Detection of Feline Coronavirus RNA in Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis and Their Housemates
title_sort detection of feline coronavirus rna in cats with feline infectious peritonitis and their housemates
topic feline coronavirus
FECV
FIPV
feline infectious peritonitis
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/948
work_keys_str_mv AT phoenixmshepherd detectionoffelinecoronavirusrnaincatswithfelineinfectiousperitonitisandtheirhousemates
AT amyelbe detectionoffelinecoronavirusrnaincatswithfelineinfectiousperitonitisandtheirhousemates
AT briannamlynch detectionoffelinecoronavirusrnaincatswithfelineinfectiousperitonitisandtheirhousemates
AT erinlashnits detectionoffelinecoronavirusrnaincatswithfelineinfectiousperitonitisandtheirhousemates
AT robertnkirchdoerfer detectionoffelinecoronavirusrnaincatswithfelineinfectiousperitonitisandtheirhousemates