The sculpting tool in bioprinting: research and application progress of sacrificial inks

The core of bio-3D printing technology lies in the development and optimization of bio-inks. For a long time, researchers have been looking for bio-inks that can balance printability and cell function. However, traditional bio-inks often have limitations in meeting this balance, limiting the complex...

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Main Authors: Li Jing, Hai Ci, Zihan Zhang, Zhenxing Wang, Bin Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1486459/full
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author Li Jing
Hai Ci
Zihan Zhang
Zhenxing Wang
Bin Wang
author_facet Li Jing
Hai Ci
Zihan Zhang
Zhenxing Wang
Bin Wang
author_sort Li Jing
collection DOAJ
description The core of bio-3D printing technology lies in the development and optimization of bio-inks. For a long time, researchers have been looking for bio-inks that can balance printability and cell function. However, traditional bio-inks often have limitations in meeting this balance, limiting the complexity and scale of printable structures. In recent years, the emergence of sacrificial inks has brought a major breakthrough in this field, allowing bio-inks that were originally not very suitable for printing to accurately construct larger and more complex structures. This ink is unique in that it is used to support and position the bio-ink but is removed after printing is complete, not as part of the final printed structure. The mild nature of the state transition and removal conditions allows for minimal damage to cell viability and print structure when the ink is “sacrificed.” This review will focus on the types of sacrificial inks and their two key applications in bioprinting: building intracranial vascular networks and improving bioink performance. We will summarize the current status, advantages, and challenges of these applications, aiming to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the use of sacrificial inks in bioprinting. By sacrificing the application of ink, bioprinting technology can not only produce more realistic and complex tissue structures but also is expected to provide broader application prospects for clinical treatment and regenerative medicine in the future.
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publishDate 2025-06-01
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spelling doaj-art-04d966a64fff4df5bd096bc725a35fda2025-08-20T03:26:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852025-06-011310.3389/fbioe.2025.14864591486459The sculpting tool in bioprinting: research and application progress of sacrificial inksLi Jing0Hai Ci1Zihan Zhang2Zhenxing Wang3Bin Wang4Department of Geryatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi, ChinaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of China, Three Gorges University The Second People’s Hospital of Yichang, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of China, Three Gorges University The Second People’s Hospital of Yichang, Hubei, ChinaThe core of bio-3D printing technology lies in the development and optimization of bio-inks. For a long time, researchers have been looking for bio-inks that can balance printability and cell function. However, traditional bio-inks often have limitations in meeting this balance, limiting the complexity and scale of printable structures. In recent years, the emergence of sacrificial inks has brought a major breakthrough in this field, allowing bio-inks that were originally not very suitable for printing to accurately construct larger and more complex structures. This ink is unique in that it is used to support and position the bio-ink but is removed after printing is complete, not as part of the final printed structure. The mild nature of the state transition and removal conditions allows for minimal damage to cell viability and print structure when the ink is “sacrificed.” This review will focus on the types of sacrificial inks and their two key applications in bioprinting: building intracranial vascular networks and improving bioink performance. We will summarize the current status, advantages, and challenges of these applications, aiming to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the use of sacrificial inks in bioprinting. By sacrificing the application of ink, bioprinting technology can not only produce more realistic and complex tissue structures but also is expected to provide broader application prospects for clinical treatment and regenerative medicine in the future.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1486459/fullbioprintingsacrificial inksbiomaterialsregenerative medicinebioengineering
spellingShingle Li Jing
Hai Ci
Zihan Zhang
Zhenxing Wang
Bin Wang
The sculpting tool in bioprinting: research and application progress of sacrificial inks
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
bioprinting
sacrificial inks
biomaterials
regenerative medicine
bioengineering
title The sculpting tool in bioprinting: research and application progress of sacrificial inks
title_full The sculpting tool in bioprinting: research and application progress of sacrificial inks
title_fullStr The sculpting tool in bioprinting: research and application progress of sacrificial inks
title_full_unstemmed The sculpting tool in bioprinting: research and application progress of sacrificial inks
title_short The sculpting tool in bioprinting: research and application progress of sacrificial inks
title_sort sculpting tool in bioprinting research and application progress of sacrificial inks
topic bioprinting
sacrificial inks
biomaterials
regenerative medicine
bioengineering
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1486459/full
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