Methods of Cell Propulsion through the Local Stroma in Breast Cancer
In the normal breast, cellular structures change cyclically in response to ovarian hormones. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and differentiation are integral processes that are precisely regulated. Normal epithelial cells depend on the formation of intercellular adhesion contacts to form a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2014-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Breast Cancer |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/197480 |
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| author | Kerry J. Davies |
| author_facet | Kerry J. Davies |
| author_sort | Kerry J. Davies |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the normal breast, cellular structures change cyclically in response to ovarian hormones. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and differentiation are integral processes that are precisely regulated. Normal epithelial cells depend on the formation of intercellular adhesion contacts to form a continuous sheet of stratifying cell layers that are attached to one and other horizontally and vertically.
Cells migrate by extending membrane protrusions to explore the extracellular space locating their targets in a chemotactic manner. The formation of cell protrusions is driven by the assembly of actin filaments at the leading edge. Reorganisation is regulated by a highly integrated signalling cascade that transduces extracellular stimuli to the actin filaments. This signalling cascade is governed by GTPases which act as molecular switches leading to actin polymerisation and the formation of filopodia and lamellipodia. This process is linked to downstream molecules known collectively as WASP proteins, which, in the presence of cortactin, form a complex leading to nucleation and formation of branched filaments. In breast cancer, the cortactin is over expressed leading to increased cellular motility and invasiveness. This hugely complex and integrated signalling cascade transduces extracellular stimuli. There are multiple genes related to cell motility which are dysregulated in human breast cancers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-04c469f31d504da1829c027052d7db00 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-3170 2090-3189 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Breast Cancer |
| spelling | doaj-art-04c469f31d504da1829c027052d7db002025-08-20T03:54:15ZengWileyInternational Journal of Breast Cancer2090-31702090-31892014-01-01201410.1155/2014/197480197480Methods of Cell Propulsion through the Local Stroma in Breast CancerKerry J. Davies0Canniesburn Plastic Surgery Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Castle Street, Glasgow G4 0SF, UKIn the normal breast, cellular structures change cyclically in response to ovarian hormones. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and differentiation are integral processes that are precisely regulated. Normal epithelial cells depend on the formation of intercellular adhesion contacts to form a continuous sheet of stratifying cell layers that are attached to one and other horizontally and vertically. Cells migrate by extending membrane protrusions to explore the extracellular space locating their targets in a chemotactic manner. The formation of cell protrusions is driven by the assembly of actin filaments at the leading edge. Reorganisation is regulated by a highly integrated signalling cascade that transduces extracellular stimuli to the actin filaments. This signalling cascade is governed by GTPases which act as molecular switches leading to actin polymerisation and the formation of filopodia and lamellipodia. This process is linked to downstream molecules known collectively as WASP proteins, which, in the presence of cortactin, form a complex leading to nucleation and formation of branched filaments. In breast cancer, the cortactin is over expressed leading to increased cellular motility and invasiveness. This hugely complex and integrated signalling cascade transduces extracellular stimuli. There are multiple genes related to cell motility which are dysregulated in human breast cancers.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/197480 |
| spellingShingle | Kerry J. Davies Methods of Cell Propulsion through the Local Stroma in Breast Cancer International Journal of Breast Cancer |
| title | Methods of Cell Propulsion through the Local Stroma in Breast Cancer |
| title_full | Methods of Cell Propulsion through the Local Stroma in Breast Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Methods of Cell Propulsion through the Local Stroma in Breast Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Methods of Cell Propulsion through the Local Stroma in Breast Cancer |
| title_short | Methods of Cell Propulsion through the Local Stroma in Breast Cancer |
| title_sort | methods of cell propulsion through the local stroma in breast cancer |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/197480 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kerryjdavies methodsofcellpropulsionthroughthelocalstromainbreastcancer |