Effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Canagliflozin or sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) is considered as an authorized therapeutic drug for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study reviews and evaluates the effects of Canagliflozin on Hemoglobin (HbA1c), Body Mass Index...

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Main Authors: Hossein Aftabi, Reyhaneh Aftabi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Endocrine Disorders
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-01984-3
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author Hossein Aftabi
Reyhaneh Aftabi
author_facet Hossein Aftabi
Reyhaneh Aftabi
author_sort Hossein Aftabi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Canagliflozin or sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) is considered as an authorized therapeutic drug for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study reviews and evaluates the effects of Canagliflozin on Hemoglobin (HbA1c), Body Mass Index (BMI) and Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP). Methods This fixed-effects systematic review and meta-analysis are based on 38 comprehensive literature survey and statistical analysis of selected references that explore the effect of canagliflozin in patients having cardiovascular disease (CVD) and T2DM. The data were analyzed and interpreted at 95% Confidence Interval with reference to placebo-controlled randomized controlled trails (RCTs). Results The effects of canagliflozin at 100 and 300 doses slightly reduced Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and Body Mass Index (BMI) without significant differences with placebo [HbA1c at 100 mg, effect size: -0.005, Confidence Interval of 95% = -0.04 to 0.03, (P = 0.79), at 300 mg, effect size: -0.03 (-0.11 to 0.05), (P = 0.43), BMI at 100 mg, effect size: -0.01 (-0.04 to 0.02), (P = 0.57) and at 300 mg, effect size was 0.02 (-0.05 to 0.10), (P = 0.55)]. At 100 mg dose, canagliflozin lowers systolic blood pressure compared to that of placebo (effect size: -0.03 (-0.07, 0.00), (P = 0.06)]. These data up to date reveal that the most significant effective role of canagliflozin in patients having T2DM is to reduce the systolic blood pressure. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis highlight that although canagliflozin does not project significant decrease on BMI and HbA1c, yet in 100 mg doses significantly reduces SBP in patients with T2DM. Further future research in the coming years may provide more data and information on the protective role of canagliflozin in patients with T2DM.
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spelling doaj-art-04b782c7456a46f5ac2ee8353857f3bd2025-08-20T04:01:35ZengBMCBMC Endocrine Disorders1472-68232025-07-0125111110.1186/s12902-025-01984-3Effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysisHossein Aftabi0Reyhaneh Aftabi1Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of KermanSocial Determinants on Oral Health Research Center, Kerman University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Canagliflozin or sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) is considered as an authorized therapeutic drug for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study reviews and evaluates the effects of Canagliflozin on Hemoglobin (HbA1c), Body Mass Index (BMI) and Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP). Methods This fixed-effects systematic review and meta-analysis are based on 38 comprehensive literature survey and statistical analysis of selected references that explore the effect of canagliflozin in patients having cardiovascular disease (CVD) and T2DM. The data were analyzed and interpreted at 95% Confidence Interval with reference to placebo-controlled randomized controlled trails (RCTs). Results The effects of canagliflozin at 100 and 300 doses slightly reduced Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and Body Mass Index (BMI) without significant differences with placebo [HbA1c at 100 mg, effect size: -0.005, Confidence Interval of 95% = -0.04 to 0.03, (P = 0.79), at 300 mg, effect size: -0.03 (-0.11 to 0.05), (P = 0.43), BMI at 100 mg, effect size: -0.01 (-0.04 to 0.02), (P = 0.57) and at 300 mg, effect size was 0.02 (-0.05 to 0.10), (P = 0.55)]. At 100 mg dose, canagliflozin lowers systolic blood pressure compared to that of placebo (effect size: -0.03 (-0.07, 0.00), (P = 0.06)]. These data up to date reveal that the most significant effective role of canagliflozin in patients having T2DM is to reduce the systolic blood pressure. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis highlight that although canagliflozin does not project significant decrease on BMI and HbA1c, yet in 100 mg doses significantly reduces SBP in patients with T2DM. Further future research in the coming years may provide more data and information on the protective role of canagliflozin in patients with T2DM.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-01984-3CanagliflozinType 2 diabetes mellitusCardiovascular diseaseHemoglobin levelBody mass indexSystolic blood pressure
spellingShingle Hossein Aftabi
Reyhaneh Aftabi
Effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BMC Endocrine Disorders
Canagliflozin
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cardiovascular disease
Hemoglobin level
Body mass index
Systolic blood pressure
title Effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes a systematic review and meta analysis
topic Canagliflozin
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cardiovascular disease
Hemoglobin level
Body mass index
Systolic blood pressure
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-025-01984-3
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AT reyhanehaftabi effectsofcanagliflozinoncardiovasculardiseaseriskfactorsinpatientswithtype2diabetesasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis