Survival and Growth of <i>A. aquaticus</i> on Different Food Sources from Drinking Water Distribution Systems
Invertebrates, including <i>Asellidae</i>, are part of the natural ecosystem of the drinking water distribution system (DWDS) and are known to cause a nuisance to consumers. In addition, recently, the potential role of the species <i>Asellus aquaticus</i> (L. 1758) in the reg...
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MDPI AG
2024-08-01
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| Series: | Arthropoda |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2813-3323/2/3/15 |
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| author | Nikki van Bel J. Hein M. van Lieverloo Antonie M. Verschoor Leonie Pap-Veldhuizen Wim A. M. Hijnen Edwin T. H. M. Peeters Julia Wunderer |
| author_facet | Nikki van Bel J. Hein M. van Lieverloo Antonie M. Verschoor Leonie Pap-Veldhuizen Wim A. M. Hijnen Edwin T. H. M. Peeters Julia Wunderer |
| author_sort | Nikki van Bel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Invertebrates, including <i>Asellidae</i>, are part of the natural ecosystem of the drinking water distribution system (DWDS) and are known to cause a nuisance to consumers. In addition, recently, the potential role of the species <i>Asellus aquaticus</i> (L. 1758) in the regrowth of <i>Aeromonas</i> bacteria was published. <i>Aeromonas</i> is included in the Dutch drinking water guidelines as a process parameter, and the guideline values are regularly exceeded. Although neither <i>A. aquaticus</i> nor <i>Aeromonas</i> is associated with health risks, the Evides drinking water utility shows a strong interest in the possible reasons for these exceedances and possible control measures. In surface waters, <i>Asellidae</i> feed mainly on decaying leaves that are abundantly present. These food sources are not present in the DWDS. Therefore, we determined suitable food sources for <i>A. aquaticus</i> in the DWDS. Laboratory experiments show that <i>A. aquaticus</i> individuals survive on biofilm on pipe wall material and loose deposits (sediments) collected from DWDS. Growth and survival rates on these loose deposits were even higher than on the positive control (decaying leaves). As the basis of these loose deposits is inorganic (iron deposits, sand, and pipe particles), the organic matter (living and decaying bacteria, protozoans, fungi, and invertebrates) must be their substrate. These experiments validate hypotheses that <i>Asellidae</i> can grow and survive on organic matter in deposits in DWDS. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-04a2c280ef754f97ae3717b7c75eaf87 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2813-3323 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Arthropoda |
| spelling | doaj-art-04a2c280ef754f97ae3717b7c75eaf872025-08-20T01:55:58ZengMDPI AGArthropoda2813-33232024-08-012319221110.3390/arthropoda2030015Survival and Growth of <i>A. aquaticus</i> on Different Food Sources from Drinking Water Distribution SystemsNikki van Bel0J. Hein M. van Lieverloo1Antonie M. Verschoor2Leonie Pap-Veldhuizen3Wim A. M. Hijnen4Edwin T. H. M. Peeters5Julia Wunderer6KWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The NetherlandsViaeterna, Rijksweg 46, 6581 EN Malden, The NetherlandsKWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The NetherlandsKWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The NetherlandsKWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The NetherlandsAquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsEvides Water Company, Schaardijk 150, 3063 NH Rotterdam, The NetherlandsInvertebrates, including <i>Asellidae</i>, are part of the natural ecosystem of the drinking water distribution system (DWDS) and are known to cause a nuisance to consumers. In addition, recently, the potential role of the species <i>Asellus aquaticus</i> (L. 1758) in the regrowth of <i>Aeromonas</i> bacteria was published. <i>Aeromonas</i> is included in the Dutch drinking water guidelines as a process parameter, and the guideline values are regularly exceeded. Although neither <i>A. aquaticus</i> nor <i>Aeromonas</i> is associated with health risks, the Evides drinking water utility shows a strong interest in the possible reasons for these exceedances and possible control measures. In surface waters, <i>Asellidae</i> feed mainly on decaying leaves that are abundantly present. These food sources are not present in the DWDS. Therefore, we determined suitable food sources for <i>A. aquaticus</i> in the DWDS. Laboratory experiments show that <i>A. aquaticus</i> individuals survive on biofilm on pipe wall material and loose deposits (sediments) collected from DWDS. Growth and survival rates on these loose deposits were even higher than on the positive control (decaying leaves). As the basis of these loose deposits is inorganic (iron deposits, sand, and pipe particles), the organic matter (living and decaying bacteria, protozoans, fungi, and invertebrates) must be their substrate. These experiments validate hypotheses that <i>Asellidae</i> can grow and survive on organic matter in deposits in DWDS.https://www.mdpi.com/2813-3323/2/3/15loose depositsnatural organic mattersurvival analysisgrowth rate<i>Asellus aquaticus</i>drinking water distribution |
| spellingShingle | Nikki van Bel J. Hein M. van Lieverloo Antonie M. Verschoor Leonie Pap-Veldhuizen Wim A. M. Hijnen Edwin T. H. M. Peeters Julia Wunderer Survival and Growth of <i>A. aquaticus</i> on Different Food Sources from Drinking Water Distribution Systems Arthropoda loose deposits natural organic matter survival analysis growth rate <i>Asellus aquaticus</i> drinking water distribution |
| title | Survival and Growth of <i>A. aquaticus</i> on Different Food Sources from Drinking Water Distribution Systems |
| title_full | Survival and Growth of <i>A. aquaticus</i> on Different Food Sources from Drinking Water Distribution Systems |
| title_fullStr | Survival and Growth of <i>A. aquaticus</i> on Different Food Sources from Drinking Water Distribution Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Survival and Growth of <i>A. aquaticus</i> on Different Food Sources from Drinking Water Distribution Systems |
| title_short | Survival and Growth of <i>A. aquaticus</i> on Different Food Sources from Drinking Water Distribution Systems |
| title_sort | survival and growth of i a aquaticus i on different food sources from drinking water distribution systems |
| topic | loose deposits natural organic matter survival analysis growth rate <i>Asellus aquaticus</i> drinking water distribution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2813-3323/2/3/15 |
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