Status of human onchocerciasis transmission in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution.
<h4>Introduction</h4>Significant progress has been made in onchocerciasis control through mass distribution of ivermectin among affected human populations, fostering optimism for disease elimination. However, despite these considerable advances, the elimination of the disease remains a m...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-03-01
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| Series: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011511 |
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| author | Philippe Bienvenu Nwane Hugues Clotaire Nana-Djeunga Narcisse Nzune Toche André Domché Fesuh Nono Bertrand Yannick Emalio Niamsi Guy Roger Njitchuang Martine Augusta Flore Tsasse Jean Bopda Steve Mbickmen Aubin Balog Alexis Nkwelle Patrice Nkwelle Clarisse Ebene Honoré Obama Paul Messi Benjamin Biholong Serge Billong Georges Nko'o Ayissi Joseph Kamgno |
| author_facet | Philippe Bienvenu Nwane Hugues Clotaire Nana-Djeunga Narcisse Nzune Toche André Domché Fesuh Nono Bertrand Yannick Emalio Niamsi Guy Roger Njitchuang Martine Augusta Flore Tsasse Jean Bopda Steve Mbickmen Aubin Balog Alexis Nkwelle Patrice Nkwelle Clarisse Ebene Honoré Obama Paul Messi Benjamin Biholong Serge Billong Georges Nko'o Ayissi Joseph Kamgno |
| author_sort | Philippe Bienvenu Nwane |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Introduction</h4>Significant progress has been made in onchocerciasis control through mass distribution of ivermectin among affected human populations, fostering optimism for disease elimination. However, despite these considerable advances, the elimination of the disease remains a major challenge in many African foci. This paper describes the current situation of onchocerciasis in Adamaoua Region of Cameroon after 20 consecutive years of ivermectin mass treatment.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>The study was conducted between August and September 2020 in Adamaoua Region of Cameroon. Onchocerciasis endemicity was assessed through parasitological and clinical diagnosis. Microfilarodermia and nodule prevalences assessed in 2020 were compared to those of 1998-2002 and 2010-2013 surveys using the Chi-square (X 2) statistic test.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 4,814 participants aged between 5 and 108 years, including 50.4% men and 49.6% women were enrolled in the study. The nodule and microfilaria prevalences reported from this sub-sample were 0.87 [0.64 - 1.19] % and 0.77 [0.54 - 1.07] %, respectively. At the community level, the mf prevalences ranged from 0.5% to 4.5%. Globally, the community microfilarial loads (CMFL) were < 0.5 mf/ss. The survey therapeutic coverage rates were between 40% and 78%, lower than those reported (79% - 83%) by the NOCP. The coverage rates in ivermectin treatment in all age groups of the population were below 65%, except for the 40-50 age group where it was ≈70%.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The results of this study show a drastic decline in onchocerciasis prevalences after 20 consecutive years of CDTI, indicating a significant progress towards stopping O. volvulus transmission in Adamaoua Region. However, additional efforts are needed to increase the population coverage in ivermectin treatment in order to stop the parasite transmission in this region. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-04a259b693174fceb104bc75a06cdeae |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-04a259b693174fceb104bc75a06cdeae2025-08-20T03:52:47ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352025-03-01193e001151110.1371/journal.pntd.0011511Status of human onchocerciasis transmission in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution.Philippe Bienvenu NwaneHugues Clotaire Nana-DjeungaNarcisse Nzune TocheAndré DomchéFesuh Nono BertrandYannick Emalio NiamsiGuy Roger NjitchuangMartine Augusta Flore TsasseJean BopdaSteve MbickmenAubin BalogAlexis NkwellePatrice NkwelleClarisse EbeneHonoré ObamaPaul MessiBenjamin BiholongSerge BillongGeorges Nko'o AyissiJoseph Kamgno<h4>Introduction</h4>Significant progress has been made in onchocerciasis control through mass distribution of ivermectin among affected human populations, fostering optimism for disease elimination. However, despite these considerable advances, the elimination of the disease remains a major challenge in many African foci. This paper describes the current situation of onchocerciasis in Adamaoua Region of Cameroon after 20 consecutive years of ivermectin mass treatment.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>The study was conducted between August and September 2020 in Adamaoua Region of Cameroon. Onchocerciasis endemicity was assessed through parasitological and clinical diagnosis. Microfilarodermia and nodule prevalences assessed in 2020 were compared to those of 1998-2002 and 2010-2013 surveys using the Chi-square (X 2) statistic test.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 4,814 participants aged between 5 and 108 years, including 50.4% men and 49.6% women were enrolled in the study. The nodule and microfilaria prevalences reported from this sub-sample were 0.87 [0.64 - 1.19] % and 0.77 [0.54 - 1.07] %, respectively. At the community level, the mf prevalences ranged from 0.5% to 4.5%. Globally, the community microfilarial loads (CMFL) were < 0.5 mf/ss. The survey therapeutic coverage rates were between 40% and 78%, lower than those reported (79% - 83%) by the NOCP. The coverage rates in ivermectin treatment in all age groups of the population were below 65%, except for the 40-50 age group where it was ≈70%.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The results of this study show a drastic decline in onchocerciasis prevalences after 20 consecutive years of CDTI, indicating a significant progress towards stopping O. volvulus transmission in Adamaoua Region. However, additional efforts are needed to increase the population coverage in ivermectin treatment in order to stop the parasite transmission in this region.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011511 |
| spellingShingle | Philippe Bienvenu Nwane Hugues Clotaire Nana-Djeunga Narcisse Nzune Toche André Domché Fesuh Nono Bertrand Yannick Emalio Niamsi Guy Roger Njitchuang Martine Augusta Flore Tsasse Jean Bopda Steve Mbickmen Aubin Balog Alexis Nkwelle Patrice Nkwelle Clarisse Ebene Honoré Obama Paul Messi Benjamin Biholong Serge Billong Georges Nko'o Ayissi Joseph Kamgno Status of human onchocerciasis transmission in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | Status of human onchocerciasis transmission in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution. |
| title_full | Status of human onchocerciasis transmission in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution. |
| title_fullStr | Status of human onchocerciasis transmission in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Status of human onchocerciasis transmission in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution. |
| title_short | Status of human onchocerciasis transmission in the Adamaoua region of Cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution. |
| title_sort | status of human onchocerciasis transmission in the adamaoua region of cameroon after 20 years of ivermectin mass distribution |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011511 |
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