Unveiling the role of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in susceptibility and severity to COVID-19

It is argued that commensal bacteria in the upper respiratory tract (URT) protect against pathogen colonization and infection, including respiratory viruses. Given that the microbiome can mediate immune modulation, a link between the URT microbiome (URTM) and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity is...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Otávio von Ameln Lovison, Fabiana Caroline Zempulski Volpato, Lorenzo Gómez Weber, Afonso Luis Barth, Adriana Simon Coitinho, Andreza Francisco Martins
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1531084/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849313399625744384
author Otávio von Ameln Lovison
Otávio von Ameln Lovison
Otávio von Ameln Lovison
Fabiana Caroline Zempulski Volpato
Lorenzo Gómez Weber
Lorenzo Gómez Weber
Afonso Luis Barth
Adriana Simon Coitinho
Andreza Francisco Martins
Andreza Francisco Martins
Andreza Francisco Martins
author_facet Otávio von Ameln Lovison
Otávio von Ameln Lovison
Otávio von Ameln Lovison
Fabiana Caroline Zempulski Volpato
Lorenzo Gómez Weber
Lorenzo Gómez Weber
Afonso Luis Barth
Adriana Simon Coitinho
Andreza Francisco Martins
Andreza Francisco Martins
Andreza Francisco Martins
author_sort Otávio von Ameln Lovison
collection DOAJ
description It is argued that commensal bacteria in the upper respiratory tract (URT) protect against pathogen colonization and infection, including respiratory viruses. Given that the microbiome can mediate immune modulation, a link between the URT microbiome (URTM) and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity is expected. This 16S metagenomics cross-sectional study assessed URTM composition, metabolic prediction, and association with laboratory biomarkers in non-COVID-19 pneumonia (NO-CoV), moderate (M-CoV), severe (S-CoV) COVID-19 patients, as well as COVID-19-negative, asymptomatic (NC) patients. The S-CoV group exhibited reduced URTM diversity, primarily due to a decreased abundance of eubiotic taxa. Some of these taxa (e.g., Haemophilus sp., Neisseria sp.) were also associated with inflammatory biomarkers. Multiple metabolic pathways (e.g., short-chain fatty acids, vitamin B12) linked to immune response, antiviral activity, and host susceptibility showed decreased abundance in S-CoV. These pathways could suggest potential alternatives for the therapeutic arsenal against COVID-19, providing reassurance about the progress in understanding and treating this disease.
format Article
id doaj-art-049e8a04ffd64f09b9e17541d2da81d9
institution Kabale University
issn 2235-2988
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
spelling doaj-art-049e8a04ffd64f09b9e17541d2da81d92025-08-20T03:52:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882025-05-011510.3389/fcimb.2025.15310841531084Unveiling the role of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in susceptibility and severity to COVID-19Otávio von Ameln Lovison0Otávio von Ameln Lovison1Otávio von Ameln Lovison2Fabiana Caroline Zempulski Volpato3Lorenzo Gómez Weber4Lorenzo Gómez Weber5Afonso Luis Barth6Adriana Simon Coitinho7Andreza Francisco Martins8Andreza Francisco Martins9Andreza Francisco Martins10Laboratório de Pesquisa em Resistência Bacteriana (LABRESIS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Porto Alegre, BrazilLaboratório de Microbiologia e Saúde Única do Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BrazilNúcleo de Bioinformática (Bioinformatics Core), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, BrazilLaboratório de Pesquisa em Resistência Bacteriana (LABRESIS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Porto Alegre, BrazilLaboratório de Microbiologia e Saúde Única do Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BrazilNúcleo de Bioinformática (Bioinformatics Core), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, BrazilLaboratório de Pesquisa em Resistência Bacteriana (LABRESIS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Porto Alegre, BrazilLaboratório de Neuroimunologia do Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BrazilLaboratório de Pesquisa em Resistência Bacteriana (LABRESIS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, Porto Alegre, BrazilLaboratório de Microbiologia e Saúde Única do Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BrazilNúcleo de Bioinformática (Bioinformatics Core), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, BrazilIt is argued that commensal bacteria in the upper respiratory tract (URT) protect against pathogen colonization and infection, including respiratory viruses. Given that the microbiome can mediate immune modulation, a link between the URT microbiome (URTM) and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity is expected. This 16S metagenomics cross-sectional study assessed URTM composition, metabolic prediction, and association with laboratory biomarkers in non-COVID-19 pneumonia (NO-CoV), moderate (M-CoV), severe (S-CoV) COVID-19 patients, as well as COVID-19-negative, asymptomatic (NC) patients. The S-CoV group exhibited reduced URTM diversity, primarily due to a decreased abundance of eubiotic taxa. Some of these taxa (e.g., Haemophilus sp., Neisseria sp.) were also associated with inflammatory biomarkers. Multiple metabolic pathways (e.g., short-chain fatty acids, vitamin B12) linked to immune response, antiviral activity, and host susceptibility showed decreased abundance in S-CoV. These pathways could suggest potential alternatives for the therapeutic arsenal against COVID-19, providing reassurance about the progress in understanding and treating this disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1531084/fullSARS-CoV-2COVID-19microbiomeupper respiratory tractimmune modulation
spellingShingle Otávio von Ameln Lovison
Otávio von Ameln Lovison
Otávio von Ameln Lovison
Fabiana Caroline Zempulski Volpato
Lorenzo Gómez Weber
Lorenzo Gómez Weber
Afonso Luis Barth
Adriana Simon Coitinho
Andreza Francisco Martins
Andreza Francisco Martins
Andreza Francisco Martins
Unveiling the role of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in susceptibility and severity to COVID-19
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
microbiome
upper respiratory tract
immune modulation
title Unveiling the role of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in susceptibility and severity to COVID-19
title_full Unveiling the role of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in susceptibility and severity to COVID-19
title_fullStr Unveiling the role of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in susceptibility and severity to COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed Unveiling the role of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in susceptibility and severity to COVID-19
title_short Unveiling the role of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in susceptibility and severity to COVID-19
title_sort unveiling the role of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in susceptibility and severity to covid 19
topic SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
microbiome
upper respiratory tract
immune modulation
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1531084/full
work_keys_str_mv AT otaviovonamelnlovison unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19
AT otaviovonamelnlovison unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19
AT otaviovonamelnlovison unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19
AT fabianacarolinezempulskivolpato unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19
AT lorenzogomezweber unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19
AT lorenzogomezweber unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19
AT afonsoluisbarth unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19
AT adrianasimoncoitinho unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19
AT andrezafranciscomartins unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19
AT andrezafranciscomartins unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19
AT andrezafranciscomartins unveilingtheroleoftheupperrespiratorytractmicrobiomeinsusceptibilityandseveritytocovid19