Reflections on dipolar quantum fluids
We present a thermodynamic description of ultracold gases with dipolar interactions which properly accounts for the long-range nature and broken rotation invariance of the interactions. It involves an additional thermodynamic field conjugate to the linear extension of the gas along the direction of...
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Académie des sciences
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Comptes Rendus. Physique |
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| Online Access: | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.5802/crphys.222/ |
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| author | Zwerger, Wilhelm |
| author_facet | Zwerger, Wilhelm |
| author_sort | Zwerger, Wilhelm |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present a thermodynamic description of ultracold gases with dipolar interactions which properly accounts for the long-range nature and broken rotation invariance of the interactions. It involves an additional thermodynamic field conjugate to the linear extension of the gas along the direction of the dipoles. The associated uniaxial pressure shows up as a deviation from the Gibbs–Duhem relation in the density profile of a trapped gas. It has to vanish in self-bound droplets, a condition which determines the observed dependence of the aspect ratio on particle number. A tensorial generalization of the virial theorem and a number of further exact thermodynamic relations are derived. Finally, extending a model due to Nozières, a simple criterion for the freezing transition to a superfluid mass density wave is given. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-049b24c261784eaaa5aaf4db09811fe9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1878-1535 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Académie des sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Comptes Rendus. Physique |
| spelling | doaj-art-049b24c261784eaaa5aaf4db09811fe92025-02-07T13:53:46ZengAcadémie des sciencesComptes Rendus. Physique1878-15352024-12-0125G138941310.5802/crphys.22210.5802/crphys.222Reflections on dipolar quantum fluidsZwerger, Wilhelm0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3502-8209Physik Department TU München, James Franck Strasse, 85748 Garching, GermanyWe present a thermodynamic description of ultracold gases with dipolar interactions which properly accounts for the long-range nature and broken rotation invariance of the interactions. It involves an additional thermodynamic field conjugate to the linear extension of the gas along the direction of the dipoles. The associated uniaxial pressure shows up as a deviation from the Gibbs–Duhem relation in the density profile of a trapped gas. It has to vanish in self-bound droplets, a condition which determines the observed dependence of the aspect ratio on particle number. A tensorial generalization of the virial theorem and a number of further exact thermodynamic relations are derived. Finally, extending a model due to Nozières, a simple criterion for the freezing transition to a superfluid mass density wave is given.https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.5802/crphys.222/Ultracold atomsDipolar fluidsSupersolidsThermodynamic limitLong-range interactions |
| spellingShingle | Zwerger, Wilhelm Reflections on dipolar quantum fluids Comptes Rendus. Physique Ultracold atoms Dipolar fluids Supersolids Thermodynamic limit Long-range interactions |
| title | Reflections on dipolar quantum fluids |
| title_full | Reflections on dipolar quantum fluids |
| title_fullStr | Reflections on dipolar quantum fluids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reflections on dipolar quantum fluids |
| title_short | Reflections on dipolar quantum fluids |
| title_sort | reflections on dipolar quantum fluids |
| topic | Ultracold atoms Dipolar fluids Supersolids Thermodynamic limit Long-range interactions |
| url | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.5802/crphys.222/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zwergerwilhelm reflectionsondipolarquantumfluids |