Differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the JPSC-AD
Abstract Frailty is common in older adults; however, the central nervous system mechanisms underlying the differences between obesity and underweight remain unclear. This study investigated brain volume in frail, cognitively normal, community-dwelling older adults across three body mass index (BMI)...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04659-0 |
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| author | Naoki Ishizuka Hiroshi Akasaka Mitsunobu Sato Yuriko Sato Kazuki Hosokawa Junko Takahashi Hisashi Yonezawa Yasuo Terayama Tomoyuki Ohara Takanori Honda Mao Shibata Jun Hata Yasuko Tatewaki Yasuyuki Taki Tatsuya Mikami Kenjiro Ono Masaru Mimura Kenji Nakashima Jun-ichi Iga Minoru Takebayashi Toshiharu Ninomiya Tetsuya Maeda The Japan Prospective Studies Collaboration for Aging and Dementia (JPSC-AD) study group |
| author_facet | Naoki Ishizuka Hiroshi Akasaka Mitsunobu Sato Yuriko Sato Kazuki Hosokawa Junko Takahashi Hisashi Yonezawa Yasuo Terayama Tomoyuki Ohara Takanori Honda Mao Shibata Jun Hata Yasuko Tatewaki Yasuyuki Taki Tatsuya Mikami Kenjiro Ono Masaru Mimura Kenji Nakashima Jun-ichi Iga Minoru Takebayashi Toshiharu Ninomiya Tetsuya Maeda The Japan Prospective Studies Collaboration for Aging and Dementia (JPSC-AD) study group |
| author_sort | Naoki Ishizuka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Frailty is common in older adults; however, the central nervous system mechanisms underlying the differences between obesity and underweight remain unclear. This study investigated brain volume in frail, cognitively normal, community-dwelling older adults across three body mass index (BMI) groups: low (< 18.5), intermediate (18.5–24.9), and high (≥ 25.0). Whole and regional brain volumes were measured and analyzed. Among 3,627 participants, those in the high BMI group (n = 1,134) had significantly lower multivariate-adjusted total brain volume (66.8% vs. 67.3%, p < 0.001) and gray matter volume (36.1% vs. 36.6%, p < 0.001) than participants in the intermediate BMI group (n = 2,274). Volume differences were observed in the frontal, parietal, temporal, and cingulate cortices, as well as the hippocampal gyrus; amygdala; superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri; temporal pole; parahippocampal gyrus; and cuneus. Compared with the intermediate BMI group, the low BMI group (n = 219) presented a significantly lower volume in the middle temporal gyrus (1.91% vs. 1.95%, p = 0.008). These findings indicate that older adults with frailty experience differences in brain volume, with atrophy patterns differing based on BMI. Therefore, the central nervous system dysfunction may play a role in the mechanisms underlying frailty. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0488de129a8c4cf58e9b5d2bcebf02dc |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-0488de129a8c4cf58e9b5d2bcebf02dc2025-08-20T03:10:39ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-06-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-04659-0Differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the JPSC-ADNaoki Ishizuka0Hiroshi Akasaka1Mitsunobu Sato2Yuriko Sato3Kazuki Hosokawa4Junko Takahashi5Hisashi Yonezawa6Yasuo Terayama7Tomoyuki Ohara8Takanori Honda9Mao Shibata10Jun Hata11Yasuko Tatewaki12Yasuyuki Taki13Tatsuya Mikami14Kenjiro Ono15Masaru Mimura16Kenji Nakashima17Jun-ichi Iga18Minoru Takebayashi19Toshiharu Ninomiya20Tetsuya Maeda21The Japan Prospective Studies Collaboration for Aging and Dementia (JPSC-AD) study groupDivision of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical UniversityDivision of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical UniversityDivision of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical UniversityDivision of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical UniversityDivision of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical UniversityDivision of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical UniversityDivision of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical UniversityDivision of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical UniversityDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityDepartment of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityDepartment of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversityDepartment of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversityDepartment of Preemptive Medicine, Innovation Center for Health Promotion, Hirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineDepartment of Neurology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityCenter for Preventive Medicine, Keio UniversityNational Hospital Organization, Matsue Medical CenterDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime UniversityDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityDivision of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical UniversityAbstract Frailty is common in older adults; however, the central nervous system mechanisms underlying the differences between obesity and underweight remain unclear. This study investigated brain volume in frail, cognitively normal, community-dwelling older adults across three body mass index (BMI) groups: low (< 18.5), intermediate (18.5–24.9), and high (≥ 25.0). Whole and regional brain volumes were measured and analyzed. Among 3,627 participants, those in the high BMI group (n = 1,134) had significantly lower multivariate-adjusted total brain volume (66.8% vs. 67.3%, p < 0.001) and gray matter volume (36.1% vs. 36.6%, p < 0.001) than participants in the intermediate BMI group (n = 2,274). Volume differences were observed in the frontal, parietal, temporal, and cingulate cortices, as well as the hippocampal gyrus; amygdala; superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri; temporal pole; parahippocampal gyrus; and cuneus. Compared with the intermediate BMI group, the low BMI group (n = 219) presented a significantly lower volume in the middle temporal gyrus (1.91% vs. 1.95%, p = 0.008). These findings indicate that older adults with frailty experience differences in brain volume, with atrophy patterns differing based on BMI. Therefore, the central nervous system dysfunction may play a role in the mechanisms underlying frailty.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04659-0FrailtyObesityUnderweightOlder adultBrain volumeCommunity-dwelling |
| spellingShingle | Naoki Ishizuka Hiroshi Akasaka Mitsunobu Sato Yuriko Sato Kazuki Hosokawa Junko Takahashi Hisashi Yonezawa Yasuo Terayama Tomoyuki Ohara Takanori Honda Mao Shibata Jun Hata Yasuko Tatewaki Yasuyuki Taki Tatsuya Mikami Kenjiro Ono Masaru Mimura Kenji Nakashima Jun-ichi Iga Minoru Takebayashi Toshiharu Ninomiya Tetsuya Maeda The Japan Prospective Studies Collaboration for Aging and Dementia (JPSC-AD) study group Differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the JPSC-AD Scientific Reports Frailty Obesity Underweight Older adult Brain volume Community-dwelling |
| title | Differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the JPSC-AD |
| title_full | Differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the JPSC-AD |
| title_fullStr | Differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the JPSC-AD |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the JPSC-AD |
| title_short | Differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the JPSC-AD |
| title_sort | differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the jpsc ad |
| topic | Frailty Obesity Underweight Older adult Brain volume Community-dwelling |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04659-0 |
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