Sensitivity of coronary hemodynamics to vascular structure variations in health and disease
Abstract Local hemodynamics play an essential role in the initiation and progression of coronary artery disease. While vascular geometry alters local hemodynamics, the relationship between vascular structure and hemodynamics is poorly understood. Previous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies h...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85781-x |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832571836215328768 |
|---|---|
| author | Arnav Garcha Noelia Grande Gutiérrez |
| author_facet | Arnav Garcha Noelia Grande Gutiérrez |
| author_sort | Arnav Garcha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Local hemodynamics play an essential role in the initiation and progression of coronary artery disease. While vascular geometry alters local hemodynamics, the relationship between vascular structure and hemodynamics is poorly understood. Previous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies have explored how anatomy influences plaque-promoting hemodynamics. For example, areas exposed to low wall shear stress (ALWSS) can indicate regions of plaque growth. However, small sample sizes, idealized geometries, and simplified boundary conditions have limited their scope. We generated 230 synthetic models of left coronary arteries and simulated coronary hemodynamics with physiologically realistic boundary conditions. We measured the sensitivity of hemodynamic metrics to changes in bifurcation angles, positions, diameter ratios, tortuosity, and plaque topology. Our results suggest that the diameter ratio between left coronary branches plays a substantial role in generating adverse hemodynamic phenotypes and can amplify the effect of other geometric features such as bifurcation position and angle, and vessel tortuosity. Introducing mild plaque in the models did not change correlations between structure and hemodynamics. However, certain vascular structures can induce ALWSS at the trailing edge of the plaque. Our analysis demonstrates that coronary artery vascular structure can provide key insight into the hemodynamic environments conducive to plaque formation and growth. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-048147dd41e84fcfb92b1878249dce8a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-048147dd41e84fcfb92b1878249dce8a2025-02-02T12:15:38ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111510.1038/s41598-025-85781-xSensitivity of coronary hemodynamics to vascular structure variations in health and diseaseArnav Garcha0Noelia Grande Gutiérrez1Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon UniversityMechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon UniversityAbstract Local hemodynamics play an essential role in the initiation and progression of coronary artery disease. While vascular geometry alters local hemodynamics, the relationship between vascular structure and hemodynamics is poorly understood. Previous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies have explored how anatomy influences plaque-promoting hemodynamics. For example, areas exposed to low wall shear stress (ALWSS) can indicate regions of plaque growth. However, small sample sizes, idealized geometries, and simplified boundary conditions have limited their scope. We generated 230 synthetic models of left coronary arteries and simulated coronary hemodynamics with physiologically realistic boundary conditions. We measured the sensitivity of hemodynamic metrics to changes in bifurcation angles, positions, diameter ratios, tortuosity, and plaque topology. Our results suggest that the diameter ratio between left coronary branches plays a substantial role in generating adverse hemodynamic phenotypes and can amplify the effect of other geometric features such as bifurcation position and angle, and vessel tortuosity. Introducing mild plaque in the models did not change correlations between structure and hemodynamics. However, certain vascular structures can induce ALWSS at the trailing edge of the plaque. Our analysis demonstrates that coronary artery vascular structure can provide key insight into the hemodynamic environments conducive to plaque formation and growth.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85781-x |
| spellingShingle | Arnav Garcha Noelia Grande Gutiérrez Sensitivity of coronary hemodynamics to vascular structure variations in health and disease Scientific Reports |
| title | Sensitivity of coronary hemodynamics to vascular structure variations in health and disease |
| title_full | Sensitivity of coronary hemodynamics to vascular structure variations in health and disease |
| title_fullStr | Sensitivity of coronary hemodynamics to vascular structure variations in health and disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sensitivity of coronary hemodynamics to vascular structure variations in health and disease |
| title_short | Sensitivity of coronary hemodynamics to vascular structure variations in health and disease |
| title_sort | sensitivity of coronary hemodynamics to vascular structure variations in health and disease |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85781-x |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT arnavgarcha sensitivityofcoronaryhemodynamicstovascularstructurevariationsinhealthanddisease AT noeliagrandegutierrez sensitivityofcoronaryhemodynamicstovascularstructurevariationsinhealthanddisease |