Effectiveness of Self-care Management Program on Glycaemic Control, Level of Knowledge and Anxiety among Adolescents with Type I Diabetes Mellitus: A Quasi-experimental Study
Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Managing diabetes is a multidisciplinary task that involves keeping the affected person under the care of a comprehensive healthcare system. A self-care ma...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/20761/76100_CE[Ra1]_F(SS)_QC(PS_OM)_PF1(AG_SS)_PFA(IS)_PB(AG_IS)_PN(IS).pdf |
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| Summary: | Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Managing diabetes is a multidisciplinary task that involves keeping the affected person under the care of a comprehensive healthcare system. A self-care management program increases their knowledge and lessens their anxiety. However, there is a research gap, as limited studies focus on self-care management programs regarding glycaemic control, knowledge level and anxiety level among adolescents with type 1 diabetes in India.
Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a self-care management program on glycaemic control, knowledge level and anxiety among adolescents with T1DM.
Materials and Methods: This pretest-post-test quasi-experimental study was conducted from July 2023 to December 2023 at the Diabetology Outpatient Department of Government Rajaji Hospital in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. The researchers employed a probability systematic sampling technique to allocate samples to both groups for the study. The control and experimental groups each consisted of 105 samples. In the pretest, Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels, diabetic knowledge scores and anxiety levels were assessed. Adolescents underwent self-care management training sessions weekly through lectures, video tutorials and informational booklets for a duration of 12 weeks. After the intervention, post-tests were conducted.
Results: After the intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvement in glycaemic levels (p-value <0.001), improved knowledge scores (p-value <0.001), decreased anxiety levels (p-value <0.001) and decreased depression levels (p-value <0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the control group regarding HbA1C levels, knowledge scores, anxiety scores, and depression scores (p-value=0.686, p-value=0.043, p-value=0.611, and p-value=0.832, respectively).
Conclusion: The diabetic self-care management program implemented in this study successfully controlled glycaemic levels, enhanced diabetic knowledge and decreased anxiety and depression levels among adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |