Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (Indovac®) in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in Indonesia: A phase I, observer-blind, randomized, controlled study

Indonesian vaccine producer (PT BIOFARMA), conducted a study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of a new COVID-19 vaccine candidate. This vaccine is based on a recombinant subunit protein platform, with the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) as its target antigen. The study compared the c...

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Main Authors: Yetty Movieta Nency, Rini Sekartini, Angga Wirahmadi, Suzy Maria, Nur Farhanah, Rebriarina Hapsari, Endang Mahati, Nani Maharani, Mulyono Mulyono, Dimas Tri Anantyo, Setyo Gundi Pramudo, Glenn Fernandez Yeremia, Lilis Setyaningsih, Mita Puspita, Rini Mulia Sari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2025.2501467
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author Yetty Movieta Nency
Rini Sekartini
Angga Wirahmadi
Suzy Maria
Nur Farhanah
Rebriarina Hapsari
Endang Mahati
Nani Maharani
Mulyono Mulyono
Dimas Tri Anantyo
Setyo Gundi Pramudo
Glenn Fernandez Yeremia
Lilis Setyaningsih
Mita Puspita
Rini Mulia Sari
author_facet Yetty Movieta Nency
Rini Sekartini
Angga Wirahmadi
Suzy Maria
Nur Farhanah
Rebriarina Hapsari
Endang Mahati
Nani Maharani
Mulyono Mulyono
Dimas Tri Anantyo
Setyo Gundi Pramudo
Glenn Fernandez Yeremia
Lilis Setyaningsih
Mita Puspita
Rini Mulia Sari
author_sort Yetty Movieta Nency
collection DOAJ
description Indonesian vaccine producer (PT BIOFARMA), conducted a study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of a new COVID-19 vaccine candidate. This vaccine is based on a recombinant subunit protein platform, with the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) as its target antigen. The study compared the candidate’s safety and immunogenicity to the control group vaccine, the Sinovac vaccine, 28 days after administration. This was an observer-blinded and randomized Phase 1 trial which recruited 175 subjects. The subject received 0.5 ml of vaccine in two doses. The subjects were split into five treatment groups, consisting of different combinations of doses between RBD and CpG. The safety of this vaccine was evaluated within 7 days after the first dose and for 6 months after the second dose, while the immunogenicity was evaluated on days 14 and 28 after the second dose. The overall incidence of AEs was 54.86% from the beginning of the vaccination to 28 days after each injection. Most AEs were local pain and had no serious AEs. The study revealed a significant rise in the Geometric Mean Titer (GMT) of IgG antibodies in every group, indicating a strong immune response. The phase I data demonstrated that the new vaccine candidate showed promising results in safety and immunogenicity.
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spelling doaj-art-045c1e04960b4fa8a6c3e03148ea3ada2025-08-20T02:31:59ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2025-12-0121110.1080/21645515.2025.2501467Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (Indovac®) in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in Indonesia: A phase I, observer-blind, randomized, controlled studyYetty Movieta Nency0Rini Sekartini1Angga Wirahmadi2Suzy Maria3Nur Farhanah4Rebriarina Hapsari5Endang Mahati6Nani Maharani7Mulyono Mulyono8Dimas Tri Anantyo9Setyo Gundi Pramudo10Glenn Fernandez Yeremia11Lilis Setyaningsih12Mita Puspita13Rini Mulia Sari14Child Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, IndonesiaDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, IndonesiaAllergy and Clinical Immunology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, IndonesiaDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, IndonesiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, IndonesiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, IndonesiaChild Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, IndonesiaChild Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, IndonesiaCOVID 19 Vaccine Bio Farma-Universitas Diponegoro (COBIU) Study, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, IndonesiaClinical Trial Division, PT Bio Farma, Bandung, IndonesiaClinical Trial Division, PT Bio Farma, Bandung, IndonesiaClinical Trial Division, PT Bio Farma, Bandung, IndonesiaIndonesian vaccine producer (PT BIOFARMA), conducted a study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of a new COVID-19 vaccine candidate. This vaccine is based on a recombinant subunit protein platform, with the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) as its target antigen. The study compared the candidate’s safety and immunogenicity to the control group vaccine, the Sinovac vaccine, 28 days after administration. This was an observer-blinded and randomized Phase 1 trial which recruited 175 subjects. The subject received 0.5 ml of vaccine in two doses. The subjects were split into five treatment groups, consisting of different combinations of doses between RBD and CpG. The safety of this vaccine was evaluated within 7 days after the first dose and for 6 months after the second dose, while the immunogenicity was evaluated on days 14 and 28 after the second dose. The overall incidence of AEs was 54.86% from the beginning of the vaccination to 28 days after each injection. Most AEs were local pain and had no serious AEs. The study revealed a significant rise in the Geometric Mean Titer (GMT) of IgG antibodies in every group, indicating a strong immune response. The phase I data demonstrated that the new vaccine candidate showed promising results in safety and immunogenicity.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2025.2501467COVID-19 vaccineIndovacsafetyphase-1immunogenicity
spellingShingle Yetty Movieta Nency
Rini Sekartini
Angga Wirahmadi
Suzy Maria
Nur Farhanah
Rebriarina Hapsari
Endang Mahati
Nani Maharani
Mulyono Mulyono
Dimas Tri Anantyo
Setyo Gundi Pramudo
Glenn Fernandez Yeremia
Lilis Setyaningsih
Mita Puspita
Rini Mulia Sari
Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (Indovac®) in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in Indonesia: A phase I, observer-blind, randomized, controlled study
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
COVID-19 vaccine
Indovac
safety
phase-1
immunogenicity
title Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (Indovac®) in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in Indonesia: A phase I, observer-blind, randomized, controlled study
title_full Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (Indovac®) in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in Indonesia: A phase I, observer-blind, randomized, controlled study
title_fullStr Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (Indovac®) in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in Indonesia: A phase I, observer-blind, randomized, controlled study
title_full_unstemmed Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (Indovac®) in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in Indonesia: A phase I, observer-blind, randomized, controlled study
title_short Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine (Indovac®) in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in Indonesia: A phase I, observer-blind, randomized, controlled study
title_sort safety and immunogenicity of sars cov 2 protein subunit recombinant vaccine indovac r in healthy populations aged 18 years and above in indonesia a phase i observer blind randomized controlled study
topic COVID-19 vaccine
Indovac
safety
phase-1
immunogenicity
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/21645515.2025.2501467
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