Longitudinal Multi-Channel Focused Vortex and Vector Beams Generation by Quarter-Wave Plate Meta-Atom Metasurfaces
Metasurface-based longitudinal modulation introduces the propagation distance as a new degree of freedom, extending the light modulation with metasurfaces from 2D to 3D space. However, relevant longitudinal studies have been constrained to designing the metasurface of half-wave plate (HWP) meta-atom...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/5/324 |
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| author | Teng Ma Kaixin Zhao Manna Gu Haoyan Zhou Chunxiang Liu Chuanfu Cheng Qingrui Dong Li Ma |
| author_facet | Teng Ma Kaixin Zhao Manna Gu Haoyan Zhou Chunxiang Liu Chuanfu Cheng Qingrui Dong Li Ma |
| author_sort | Teng Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Metasurface-based longitudinal modulation introduces the propagation distance as a new degree of freedom, extending the light modulation with metasurfaces from 2D to 3D space. However, relevant longitudinal studies have been constrained to designing the metasurface of half-wave plate (HWP) meta-atoms and generating either non-focused or two-channel vortex and vector beams. In this study, we propose a metasurface composed of quarter-wave plate (QWP) meta-atoms to generate the longitudinal multi-channel focused vortex and vector beams. The metasurface consists of two interleaved sub-metasurfaces of QWP meta-atoms. For each sub-metasurface, the helical and hyperbolic phase profiles are designed independently in the propagation and geometric phases to generate focused co- and cross-polarized vortices with corresponding topological charges. Under the illumination of <i>x</i>-linearly polarized light, the metasurface generates two circularly polarized vortices, two linearly polarized vortices, and one vector beam on five focal planes. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed QWP metasurface. Our study presents a significant advancement in the development of integrated and multifunctional optical devices and systems, with significant potential applications in light–matter interaction, laser processing, and optical communication. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0451fcc783e94c6e88f4a26bca86338e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj-art-0451fcc783e94c6e88f4a26bca86338e2025-08-20T02:59:15ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912025-02-0115532410.3390/nano15050324Longitudinal Multi-Channel Focused Vortex and Vector Beams Generation by Quarter-Wave Plate Meta-Atom MetasurfacesTeng Ma0Kaixin Zhao1Manna Gu2Haoyan Zhou3Chunxiang Liu4Chuanfu Cheng5Qingrui Dong6Li Ma7School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, ChinaSchool of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, ChinaSchool of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, ChinaSchool of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, ChinaSchool of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, ChinaSchool of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, ChinaSchool of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, ChinaDepartment of Physics, Changzhi University, Changzhi 046011, ChinaMetasurface-based longitudinal modulation introduces the propagation distance as a new degree of freedom, extending the light modulation with metasurfaces from 2D to 3D space. However, relevant longitudinal studies have been constrained to designing the metasurface of half-wave plate (HWP) meta-atoms and generating either non-focused or two-channel vortex and vector beams. In this study, we propose a metasurface composed of quarter-wave plate (QWP) meta-atoms to generate the longitudinal multi-channel focused vortex and vector beams. The metasurface consists of two interleaved sub-metasurfaces of QWP meta-atoms. For each sub-metasurface, the helical and hyperbolic phase profiles are designed independently in the propagation and geometric phases to generate focused co- and cross-polarized vortices with corresponding topological charges. Under the illumination of <i>x</i>-linearly polarized light, the metasurface generates two circularly polarized vortices, two linearly polarized vortices, and one vector beam on five focal planes. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed QWP metasurface. Our study presents a significant advancement in the development of integrated and multifunctional optical devices and systems, with significant potential applications in light–matter interaction, laser processing, and optical communication.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/5/324metasurfacevortex and vector beamslongitudinal multi-channelquarter-wave plate |
| spellingShingle | Teng Ma Kaixin Zhao Manna Gu Haoyan Zhou Chunxiang Liu Chuanfu Cheng Qingrui Dong Li Ma Longitudinal Multi-Channel Focused Vortex and Vector Beams Generation by Quarter-Wave Plate Meta-Atom Metasurfaces Nanomaterials metasurface vortex and vector beams longitudinal multi-channel quarter-wave plate |
| title | Longitudinal Multi-Channel Focused Vortex and Vector Beams Generation by Quarter-Wave Plate Meta-Atom Metasurfaces |
| title_full | Longitudinal Multi-Channel Focused Vortex and Vector Beams Generation by Quarter-Wave Plate Meta-Atom Metasurfaces |
| title_fullStr | Longitudinal Multi-Channel Focused Vortex and Vector Beams Generation by Quarter-Wave Plate Meta-Atom Metasurfaces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Longitudinal Multi-Channel Focused Vortex and Vector Beams Generation by Quarter-Wave Plate Meta-Atom Metasurfaces |
| title_short | Longitudinal Multi-Channel Focused Vortex and Vector Beams Generation by Quarter-Wave Plate Meta-Atom Metasurfaces |
| title_sort | longitudinal multi channel focused vortex and vector beams generation by quarter wave plate meta atom metasurfaces |
| topic | metasurface vortex and vector beams longitudinal multi-channel quarter-wave plate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/5/324 |
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