Person-centered analyses reveal that developmental adversity at moderate levels and neural threat/safety discrimination are associated with lower anxiety in early adulthood

Abstract Parsing heterogeneity in the nature of adversity exposure and neurobiological functioning may facilitate better understanding of how adversity shapes individual variation in risk for and resilience against anxiety. One putative mechanism linking adversity exposure with anxiety is disrupted...

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Main Authors: Lucinda M. Sisk, Taylor J. Keding, Sonia Ruiz, Paola Odriozola, Sahana Kribakaran, Emily M. Cohodes, Sarah McCauley, Sadie J. Zacharek, Hopewell R. Hodges, Jason T. Haberman, Jasmyne C. Pierre, Camila Caballero, Arielle Baskin-Sommers, Dylan G. Gee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Communications Psychology
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00193-x
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author Lucinda M. Sisk
Taylor J. Keding
Sonia Ruiz
Paola Odriozola
Sahana Kribakaran
Emily M. Cohodes
Sarah McCauley
Sadie J. Zacharek
Hopewell R. Hodges
Jason T. Haberman
Jasmyne C. Pierre
Camila Caballero
Arielle Baskin-Sommers
Dylan G. Gee
author_facet Lucinda M. Sisk
Taylor J. Keding
Sonia Ruiz
Paola Odriozola
Sahana Kribakaran
Emily M. Cohodes
Sarah McCauley
Sadie J. Zacharek
Hopewell R. Hodges
Jason T. Haberman
Jasmyne C. Pierre
Camila Caballero
Arielle Baskin-Sommers
Dylan G. Gee
author_sort Lucinda M. Sisk
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Parsing heterogeneity in the nature of adversity exposure and neurobiological functioning may facilitate better understanding of how adversity shapes individual variation in risk for and resilience against anxiety. One putative mechanism linking adversity exposure with anxiety is disrupted threat and safety learning. Here, we applied a person-centered approach (latent profile analysis) to characterize patterns of adversity exposure at specific developmental stages and threat/safety discrimination in corticolimbic circuitry in 120 young adults. We then compared how the resultant profiles differed in anxiety symptoms. Three latent profiles emerged: (1) a group with lower lifetime adversity, higher neural activation to threat, and lower neural activation to safety; (2) a group with moderate adversity during middle childhood and adolescence, lower neural activation to threat, and higher neural activation to safety; and (3) a group with higher lifetime adversity exposure and minimal neural activation to both threat and safety. Individuals in the second profile had lower anxiety than the other profiles. These findings demonstrate how variability in within-person combinations of adversity exposure and neural threat/safety discrimination can differentially relate to anxiety, and suggest that for some individuals, moderate adversity exposure during middle childhood and adolescence could be associated with processes that foster resilience to future anxiety.
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spelling doaj-art-040915e4ad1b49908d0f6d47e91a9c832025-08-20T02:59:56ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Psychology2731-91212025-03-013111610.1038/s44271-025-00193-xPerson-centered analyses reveal that developmental adversity at moderate levels and neural threat/safety discrimination are associated with lower anxiety in early adulthoodLucinda M. Sisk0Taylor J. Keding1Sonia Ruiz2Paola Odriozola3Sahana Kribakaran4Emily M. Cohodes5Sarah McCauley6Sadie J. Zacharek7Hopewell R. Hodges8Jason T. Haberman9Jasmyne C. Pierre10Camila Caballero11Arielle Baskin-Sommers12Dylan G. Gee13Department of Psychology, Yale UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Yale UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Yale UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Yale UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Yale UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Yale UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Yale UniversityDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInstitute of Child Development, University of MinnesotaDepartment of Psychology, Yale UniversityDepartment of Psychology, The City College of New YorkDepartment of Psychology, Yale UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Yale UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Yale UniversityAbstract Parsing heterogeneity in the nature of adversity exposure and neurobiological functioning may facilitate better understanding of how adversity shapes individual variation in risk for and resilience against anxiety. One putative mechanism linking adversity exposure with anxiety is disrupted threat and safety learning. Here, we applied a person-centered approach (latent profile analysis) to characterize patterns of adversity exposure at specific developmental stages and threat/safety discrimination in corticolimbic circuitry in 120 young adults. We then compared how the resultant profiles differed in anxiety symptoms. Three latent profiles emerged: (1) a group with lower lifetime adversity, higher neural activation to threat, and lower neural activation to safety; (2) a group with moderate adversity during middle childhood and adolescence, lower neural activation to threat, and higher neural activation to safety; and (3) a group with higher lifetime adversity exposure and minimal neural activation to both threat and safety. Individuals in the second profile had lower anxiety than the other profiles. These findings demonstrate how variability in within-person combinations of adversity exposure and neural threat/safety discrimination can differentially relate to anxiety, and suggest that for some individuals, moderate adversity exposure during middle childhood and adolescence could be associated with processes that foster resilience to future anxiety.https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00193-x
spellingShingle Lucinda M. Sisk
Taylor J. Keding
Sonia Ruiz
Paola Odriozola
Sahana Kribakaran
Emily M. Cohodes
Sarah McCauley
Sadie J. Zacharek
Hopewell R. Hodges
Jason T. Haberman
Jasmyne C. Pierre
Camila Caballero
Arielle Baskin-Sommers
Dylan G. Gee
Person-centered analyses reveal that developmental adversity at moderate levels and neural threat/safety discrimination are associated with lower anxiety in early adulthood
Communications Psychology
title Person-centered analyses reveal that developmental adversity at moderate levels and neural threat/safety discrimination are associated with lower anxiety in early adulthood
title_full Person-centered analyses reveal that developmental adversity at moderate levels and neural threat/safety discrimination are associated with lower anxiety in early adulthood
title_fullStr Person-centered analyses reveal that developmental adversity at moderate levels and neural threat/safety discrimination are associated with lower anxiety in early adulthood
title_full_unstemmed Person-centered analyses reveal that developmental adversity at moderate levels and neural threat/safety discrimination are associated with lower anxiety in early adulthood
title_short Person-centered analyses reveal that developmental adversity at moderate levels and neural threat/safety discrimination are associated with lower anxiety in early adulthood
title_sort person centered analyses reveal that developmental adversity at moderate levels and neural threat safety discrimination are associated with lower anxiety in early adulthood
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00193-x
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