Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Part II—Cost of Care Among Patients in Advanced Phases or Later Lines of Therapy in Chronic Phase in the United States from a Commercial Perspective
**Background:** Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the standard-of-care treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). Despite advances in therapy, there remains a proportion of patients with CML-CP that are refractory/intolerant to TKIs, and these patients cycle through multip...
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| Format: | Article |
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Columbia Data Analytics, LLC
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.36469/001c.36976 |
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| author | Ehab L. Atallah Rodrigo Maegawa Dominick Latremouille-Viau Carmine Rossi Annie Guérin |
| author_facet | Ehab L. Atallah Rodrigo Maegawa Dominick Latremouille-Viau Carmine Rossi Annie Guérin |
| author_sort | Ehab L. Atallah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | **Background:** Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the standard-of-care treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). Despite advances in therapy, there remains a proportion of patients with CML-CP that are refractory/intolerant to TKIs, and these patients cycle through multiple lines of therapy. Moreover, even with TKIs, some patients progress to accelerated phase/blast crisis (AP/BC), which is associated with particularly poor clinical outcomes.
**Objectives:** To describe real-world treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilization (HRU), and costs of patients with CML-CP reaching later lines of therapy or progressing to AP/BC in the United States.
**Methods:** Adult CML patients from administrative claims data (January 1, 2000–June 30, 2019) were classified by health state: on third-line (CML-CP On Treatment), on fourth or later lines (CML-CP Post-Discontinuation), or progressed to AP/BC (CML-AP/BC). Outcomes were assessed by health state.
**Results:** There were 296 (4620 patient-months), 83 (1644 patient-months), and 949 (25 593 patient-months) patients classified in the CML-CP On Treatment, CML-CP Post-Discontinuation, and CML-AP/BC cohorts, respectively. Second-generation TKIs (nilotinib, dasatinib, and bosutinib) were most commonly used in the CML-CP On Treatment (69.1% of patient-months) and CML-CP Post-Discontinuation cohorts (59.1% of patient-months). Three-month outpatient incidence rates (IRs) were 7.6, 8.3, and 7.0 visits in the CML-CP On Treatment, CML-CP Post-Discontinuation, and CML-AP/BC cohort, respectively, with mean costs of $597 per service. Three-month inpatient IRs were 0.6, 0.7, and 1.4 days in the CML-CP On Treatment, CML-CP Post-Discontinuation, and CML-AP/BC cohort, respectively, with mean costs of $5892 per day. Mean hematopoietic stem cell transplantation cost was $352 333; mean 3-month terminal care cost was $107 013.
**Discussion:** Cost of CML care is substantial among patients with CML reaching third-line, fourth or later lines, or progressing to AP/BC, suggesting that the disease is associated with a significant economic and clinical burden. From third-line to fourth or later lines, HRU was observed to increase, and the incidence of inpatient days was particularly high for those who progressed to AP/BC.
**Conclusion:** In this study, patients with CML cycling through TKIs in later lines of therapy or progressing to AP/BC experienced substantial HRU and costs, suggesting unmet treatment needs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-03fd775902454227ba8684619cb13f82 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2327-2236 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Columbia Data Analytics, LLC |
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| series | Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-03fd775902454227ba8684619cb13f822025-02-10T16:13:15ZengColumbia Data Analytics, LLCJournal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research2327-22362022-08-0192Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Part II—Cost of Care Among Patients in Advanced Phases or Later Lines of Therapy in Chronic Phase in the United States from a Commercial PerspectiveEhab L. AtallahRodrigo MaegawaDominick Latremouille-ViauCarmine RossiAnnie Guérin**Background:** Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the standard-of-care treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). Despite advances in therapy, there remains a proportion of patients with CML-CP that are refractory/intolerant to TKIs, and these patients cycle through multiple lines of therapy. Moreover, even with TKIs, some patients progress to accelerated phase/blast crisis (AP/BC), which is associated with particularly poor clinical outcomes. **Objectives:** To describe real-world treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilization (HRU), and costs of patients with CML-CP reaching later lines of therapy or progressing to AP/BC in the United States. **Methods:** Adult CML patients from administrative claims data (January 1, 2000–June 30, 2019) were classified by health state: on third-line (CML-CP On Treatment), on fourth or later lines (CML-CP Post-Discontinuation), or progressed to AP/BC (CML-AP/BC). Outcomes were assessed by health state. **Results:** There were 296 (4620 patient-months), 83 (1644 patient-months), and 949 (25 593 patient-months) patients classified in the CML-CP On Treatment, CML-CP Post-Discontinuation, and CML-AP/BC cohorts, respectively. Second-generation TKIs (nilotinib, dasatinib, and bosutinib) were most commonly used in the CML-CP On Treatment (69.1% of patient-months) and CML-CP Post-Discontinuation cohorts (59.1% of patient-months). Three-month outpatient incidence rates (IRs) were 7.6, 8.3, and 7.0 visits in the CML-CP On Treatment, CML-CP Post-Discontinuation, and CML-AP/BC cohort, respectively, with mean costs of $597 per service. Three-month inpatient IRs were 0.6, 0.7, and 1.4 days in the CML-CP On Treatment, CML-CP Post-Discontinuation, and CML-AP/BC cohort, respectively, with mean costs of $5892 per day. Mean hematopoietic stem cell transplantation cost was $352 333; mean 3-month terminal care cost was $107 013. **Discussion:** Cost of CML care is substantial among patients with CML reaching third-line, fourth or later lines, or progressing to AP/BC, suggesting that the disease is associated with a significant economic and clinical burden. From third-line to fourth or later lines, HRU was observed to increase, and the incidence of inpatient days was particularly high for those who progressed to AP/BC. **Conclusion:** In this study, patients with CML cycling through TKIs in later lines of therapy or progressing to AP/BC experienced substantial HRU and costs, suggesting unmet treatment needs.https://doi.org/10.36469/001c.36976 |
| spellingShingle | Ehab L. Atallah Rodrigo Maegawa Dominick Latremouille-Viau Carmine Rossi Annie Guérin Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Part II—Cost of Care Among Patients in Advanced Phases or Later Lines of Therapy in Chronic Phase in the United States from a Commercial Perspective Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research |
| title | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Part II—Cost of Care Among Patients in Advanced Phases or Later Lines of Therapy in Chronic Phase in the United States from a Commercial Perspective |
| title_full | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Part II—Cost of Care Among Patients in Advanced Phases or Later Lines of Therapy in Chronic Phase in the United States from a Commercial Perspective |
| title_fullStr | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Part II—Cost of Care Among Patients in Advanced Phases or Later Lines of Therapy in Chronic Phase in the United States from a Commercial Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Part II—Cost of Care Among Patients in Advanced Phases or Later Lines of Therapy in Chronic Phase in the United States from a Commercial Perspective |
| title_short | Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Part II—Cost of Care Among Patients in Advanced Phases or Later Lines of Therapy in Chronic Phase in the United States from a Commercial Perspective |
| title_sort | chronic myeloid leukemia part ii cost of care among patients in advanced phases or later lines of therapy in chronic phase in the united states from a commercial perspective |
| url | https://doi.org/10.36469/001c.36976 |
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