Exploring the gut microbiota landscape in cow milk protein allergy: Clinical insights and diagnostic implications in pediatric patients
ABSTRACT: Cow milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a significant health concern characterized by adverse immune reactions to cow milk proteins. Biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of CMPA are lacking. This study analyzed the clinical features of CMPA, and 16S RNA sequencing was used to inv...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Dairy Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030224011998 |
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| author | Jiaxin Xu Taha Majid Mahmood Sheikh Muhammad Shafiq Muhammad Nadeem Khan Meimei Wang Xiaoling Guo Fen Yao Qingdong Xie Zhe Yang Areeba Khalid Xiaoyang Jiao |
| author_facet | Jiaxin Xu Taha Majid Mahmood Sheikh Muhammad Shafiq Muhammad Nadeem Khan Meimei Wang Xiaoling Guo Fen Yao Qingdong Xie Zhe Yang Areeba Khalid Xiaoyang Jiao |
| author_sort | Jiaxin Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: Cow milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a significant health concern characterized by adverse immune reactions to cow milk proteins. Biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of CMPA are lacking. This study analyzed the clinical features of CMPA, and 16S RNA sequencing was used to investigate potential biomarkers through fecal microbiota profiling. Children with CMPA exhibit a range of clinical symptoms, including gastrointestinal (83% of patients), skin (53% of patients), and respiratory manifestations (26% of patients), highlighting the complexity of this condition. Laboratory analysis revealed significant differences in red cell distribution width and inflammatory markers between the CMPA and control groups, suggesting immune activation and inflammatory responses in CMPA. Microbial diversity analysis revealed higher specific diversity indices in the CMPA group compared with those in control group, with significant differences at the genus and species levels. Bacteroides were more abundant in the CMPA group, whereas Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcus, Faecalibacterium, and Parabacteroides were less abundant. The control group exhibited a balanced microbial profile, with a predominant presence of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Akkermansia muciniphila. The significant abundance of Bifidobacterium in the control group (23.19% vs. 9.89% in CMPA) was associated with improved growth metrics such as height and weight, suggesting its potential as a probiotic to prevent CMPA and enhance gut health. Correlation analysis linked specific microbial taxa such as Coprococcus and Bifidobacterium to clinical parameters such as family allergy history, weight, and height, providing insights into CMPA pathogenesis. Significant differences in bacterial abundance suggested diagnostic potential, with a panel of 6 bacteria achieving high predictive accuracy (area under curve = 0.8708). This study emphasizes the complex relationship between the gut microbiota and CMPA, offering valuable insights into disease mechanisms and diagnostic strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-03f4e92d9a9f4023941b4a9e66ea49d0 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0022-0302 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Dairy Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-03f4e92d9a9f4023941b4a9e66ea49d02025-08-20T01:57:20ZengElsevierJournal of Dairy Science0022-03022025-01-011081738910.3168/jds.2024-25455Exploring the gut microbiota landscape in cow milk protein allergy: Clinical insights and diagnostic implications in pediatric patientsJiaxin Xu0Taha Majid Mahmood Sheikh1Muhammad Shafiq2Muhammad Nadeem Khan3Meimei Wang4Xiaoling Guo5Fen Yao6Qingdong Xie7Zhe Yang8Areeba Khalid9Xiaoyang Jiao10Precision Medical Lab Center, Chaozhou Central Hospital, Chaozhou 521000, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, ChinaDepartment of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, ChinaResearch Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, ChinaDepartment of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, ChinaDepartment of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, ChinaDepartment of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, ChinaDepartment of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, ChinaDepartment of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Chaozhou Central Hospital, Chaozhou 521000, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Federal Medical College, Islamabad 44080, PakistanDepartment of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Corresponding authorABSTRACT: Cow milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a significant health concern characterized by adverse immune reactions to cow milk proteins. Biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of CMPA are lacking. This study analyzed the clinical features of CMPA, and 16S RNA sequencing was used to investigate potential biomarkers through fecal microbiota profiling. Children with CMPA exhibit a range of clinical symptoms, including gastrointestinal (83% of patients), skin (53% of patients), and respiratory manifestations (26% of patients), highlighting the complexity of this condition. Laboratory analysis revealed significant differences in red cell distribution width and inflammatory markers between the CMPA and control groups, suggesting immune activation and inflammatory responses in CMPA. Microbial diversity analysis revealed higher specific diversity indices in the CMPA group compared with those in control group, with significant differences at the genus and species levels. Bacteroides were more abundant in the CMPA group, whereas Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcus, Faecalibacterium, and Parabacteroides were less abundant. The control group exhibited a balanced microbial profile, with a predominant presence of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Akkermansia muciniphila. The significant abundance of Bifidobacterium in the control group (23.19% vs. 9.89% in CMPA) was associated with improved growth metrics such as height and weight, suggesting its potential as a probiotic to prevent CMPA and enhance gut health. Correlation analysis linked specific microbial taxa such as Coprococcus and Bifidobacterium to clinical parameters such as family allergy history, weight, and height, providing insights into CMPA pathogenesis. Significant differences in bacterial abundance suggested diagnostic potential, with a panel of 6 bacteria achieving high predictive accuracy (area under curve = 0.8708). This study emphasizes the complex relationship between the gut microbiota and CMPA, offering valuable insights into disease mechanisms and diagnostic strategies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030224011998cow milk protein allergygut healthgut microbiotamicrobial diversitypotential biomarker |
| spellingShingle | Jiaxin Xu Taha Majid Mahmood Sheikh Muhammad Shafiq Muhammad Nadeem Khan Meimei Wang Xiaoling Guo Fen Yao Qingdong Xie Zhe Yang Areeba Khalid Xiaoyang Jiao Exploring the gut microbiota landscape in cow milk protein allergy: Clinical insights and diagnostic implications in pediatric patients Journal of Dairy Science cow milk protein allergy gut health gut microbiota microbial diversity potential biomarker |
| title | Exploring the gut microbiota landscape in cow milk protein allergy: Clinical insights and diagnostic implications in pediatric patients |
| title_full | Exploring the gut microbiota landscape in cow milk protein allergy: Clinical insights and diagnostic implications in pediatric patients |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the gut microbiota landscape in cow milk protein allergy: Clinical insights and diagnostic implications in pediatric patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the gut microbiota landscape in cow milk protein allergy: Clinical insights and diagnostic implications in pediatric patients |
| title_short | Exploring the gut microbiota landscape in cow milk protein allergy: Clinical insights and diagnostic implications in pediatric patients |
| title_sort | exploring the gut microbiota landscape in cow milk protein allergy clinical insights and diagnostic implications in pediatric patients |
| topic | cow milk protein allergy gut health gut microbiota microbial diversity potential biomarker |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030224011998 |
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