Deterrent Effects of Clary Sage Oil and Two Major Constituents against <em>Drosophila suzukii</em> (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
<i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae), spotted-wing drosophila, poses a significant threat to soft-skinned fruit crops in the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Oceania, as well as in Asia. The application of chemical insecticides is the primary control strategy for <i>D. s...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/10/733 |
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| Summary: | <i>Drosophila suzukii</i> (Diptera: Drosophilidae), spotted-wing drosophila, poses a significant threat to soft-skinned fruit crops in the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Oceania, as well as in Asia. The application of chemical insecticides is the primary control strategy for <i>D. suzukii</i>; however, resistance has developed with the indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides. Essential oils, considered potential alternatives to pesticidal strategies, exhibit potent toxic and sublethal behavioral effects against numerous pests, including <i>D. suzukii</i>. Clary sage oil repels a variety of agricultural and household pests; however, whether it has a repellent effect against <i>D. suzukii</i> remains unknown. Here, we found that clary sage oil exhibited dose-dependent repellency against <i>D. suzukii</i> adults in a T-maze assay, a two-choice assay and a two-choice attraction assay. Also, clary sage oil showed a significant repellent effect against <i>D. suzukii</i> larvae. Next, we explored the chemical constituents of clary sage oil by GC-MS and identified two major constituents, linalyl acetate (40.03%) and linalool (23.02%). Furthermore, the behavioral assays of linalyl acetate and linalool showed that both compounds conferred comparable repellency against <i>D. suzukii</i> adults and larvae. Finally, we found clary sage oil, linalyl acetate, and linalool elicited EAG responses in <i>D. suzukii</i>, especially clary sage oil, suggesting the repellency was mediated by the olfactory system. These findings indicate that <i>D. suzukii</i> shows olfactory-based behavioral avoidance of clary sage oil, linalyl acetate, and linalool. Clary sage oil and its major constituents may be possible alternatives in the management of <i>D. suzukii</i>. |
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| ISSN: | 2075-4450 |