Research on detection and location method of safflower filament picking points during the blooming period in unstructured environments

Abstract To address the challenges encountered by safflower filament harvesting robots in detecting and localizing harvesting points in unstructured environments, this study proposes a harvesting point detection and localization model based on the DSOE (Detect-Segment-OpenCV Extraction) method, inte...

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Main Authors: Bangbang Chen, Feng Ding, Baojian Ma, Qijun Yao, Shanping Ning
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-95620-8
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author Bangbang Chen
Feng Ding
Baojian Ma
Qijun Yao
Shanping Ning
author_facet Bangbang Chen
Feng Ding
Baojian Ma
Qijun Yao
Shanping Ning
author_sort Bangbang Chen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract To address the challenges encountered by safflower filament harvesting robots in detecting and localizing harvesting points in unstructured environments, this study proposes a harvesting point detection and localization model based on the DSOE (Detect-Segment-OpenCV Extraction) method, integrated with a localization system using a depth camera. Firstly, the YOLO-SaFi model was employed to optimize the classification of a safflower filament dataset, identifying harvestable safflower filaments for further study. Secondly, a novel lightweight segmentation detection head (LSDH) was introduced, based on the YOLO-SaFi model, to efficiently segment safflower filaments and fruit balls. Using the OpenCV toolkit, contour information of the safflower filaments and fruit balls was extracted. The centroid connection and intersection with the safflower filament contour were used to determine the 2D harvesting points. Finally, a localization control system was developed based on the Delta robotic arm and depth camera to precisely determine the spatial harvesting point locations. Experimental results indicate that the improved YOLO-SaFi-LSDH model reduces the model size by 30.2%, while achieving segmentation accuracy, recall rate, and average precision of 95.0%, 95.0%, and 96.8%, respectively, significantly outperforming conventional detection heads. Additionally, the localization system demonstrated an overall detection success rate of 91.0%, with localization errors controlled within an average of 2.42 mm in the x-axis, 2.86 mm in the y-axis, and 3.18 mm in the z-axis. These results show that the proposed model exhibits superior detection and localization performance in complex environments, providing a solid theoretical foundation for the development of intelligent safflower filament harvesting robots.
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institution Kabale University
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spelling doaj-art-03e4e81837764527a3f736cde741f31f2025-08-20T03:40:45ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-03-0115111710.1038/s41598-025-95620-8Research on detection and location method of safflower filament picking points during the blooming period in unstructured environmentsBangbang Chen0Feng Ding1Baojian Ma2Qijun Yao3Shanping Ning4School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi’an Technological UniversitySchool of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi’an Technological UniversitySchool of Mechatronic Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of TechnologySchool of Mechatronic Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of TechnologySchool of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi’an Technological UniversityAbstract To address the challenges encountered by safflower filament harvesting robots in detecting and localizing harvesting points in unstructured environments, this study proposes a harvesting point detection and localization model based on the DSOE (Detect-Segment-OpenCV Extraction) method, integrated with a localization system using a depth camera. Firstly, the YOLO-SaFi model was employed to optimize the classification of a safflower filament dataset, identifying harvestable safflower filaments for further study. Secondly, a novel lightweight segmentation detection head (LSDH) was introduced, based on the YOLO-SaFi model, to efficiently segment safflower filaments and fruit balls. Using the OpenCV toolkit, contour information of the safflower filaments and fruit balls was extracted. The centroid connection and intersection with the safflower filament contour were used to determine the 2D harvesting points. Finally, a localization control system was developed based on the Delta robotic arm and depth camera to precisely determine the spatial harvesting point locations. Experimental results indicate that the improved YOLO-SaFi-LSDH model reduces the model size by 30.2%, while achieving segmentation accuracy, recall rate, and average precision of 95.0%, 95.0%, and 96.8%, respectively, significantly outperforming conventional detection heads. Additionally, the localization system demonstrated an overall detection success rate of 91.0%, with localization errors controlled within an average of 2.42 mm in the x-axis, 2.86 mm in the y-axis, and 3.18 mm in the z-axis. These results show that the proposed model exhibits superior detection and localization performance in complex environments, providing a solid theoretical foundation for the development of intelligent safflower filament harvesting robots.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-95620-8
spellingShingle Bangbang Chen
Feng Ding
Baojian Ma
Qijun Yao
Shanping Ning
Research on detection and location method of safflower filament picking points during the blooming period in unstructured environments
Scientific Reports
title Research on detection and location method of safflower filament picking points during the blooming period in unstructured environments
title_full Research on detection and location method of safflower filament picking points during the blooming period in unstructured environments
title_fullStr Research on detection and location method of safflower filament picking points during the blooming period in unstructured environments
title_full_unstemmed Research on detection and location method of safflower filament picking points during the blooming period in unstructured environments
title_short Research on detection and location method of safflower filament picking points during the blooming period in unstructured environments
title_sort research on detection and location method of safflower filament picking points during the blooming period in unstructured environments
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-95620-8
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