Visual perception and cognitive functioning in MCI and mild Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study protocol from the DEM-VIS study in Germany
Introduction Visual perception is a fundamental skill that plays a central role in sensing the external environment. Deficits can lead to impairments in everyday activities. Visual perception is known to be impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the extent to which visual perception is impai...
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| Format: | Article |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2025-08-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e096950.full |
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| author | Elmar Graessel Jessica Roloff Mark Stemmler Leonie Krakat Johanna Weis Hartmut Lehfeld Julia Christin Jaščenoka Monika Daseking |
| author_facet | Elmar Graessel Jessica Roloff Mark Stemmler Leonie Krakat Johanna Weis Hartmut Lehfeld Julia Christin Jaščenoka Monika Daseking |
| author_sort | Elmar Graessel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction Visual perception is a fundamental skill that plays a central role in sensing the external environment. Deficits can lead to impairments in everyday activities. Visual perception is known to be impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the extent to which visual perception is impaired in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), often a prodromal state of AD, has not been sufficiently investigated. This study aims to assess visual perceptual abilities in people with MCI and mild AD compared with healthy controls. It will also investigate whether executive functions, activities of daily living and intelligence are affected in this context, providing new insights into the research of visual perception together with MCI and mild AD.Methods and analysis People with MCI, mild AD and healthy controls will be assessed for cognitive deficits using the Syndrom-Kurztest (SKT). Visual perceptual performance will be assessed using the German version of the Developmental Test of Visual Perception-Adolescent and Adult: Second Edition (DTVP-A:2; Frostings Entwicklungstest der visuellen Wahrnehmung – Jugendliche und Erwachsene 2. Auflage). Activities of daily living will be assessed through the Erlangen Test of Activities of Daily Living in Persons with Mild Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment (ETAM) and the Bayer Activities of Daily Living Scale (B-ADL). Executive functions will be measured using the German adaptation of the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Adult (BRIEF-A) and intelligence will be assessed using the Matrix Reasoning and Vocabulary Test of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). Data analysis will involve descriptive analyses, linear regression analyses, multivariate analysis of variance, mediation analysis and structural equation modelling.Ethics and dissemination This study has received approval from the Ethics Committee of Helmut Schmidt University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Germany (number: 2023_009). Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national and international conferences.Trial registration number Registered at OSF https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PM5AV |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-03c43165e4a84df1806498e2b6d198ce |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-03c43165e4a84df1806498e2b6d198ce2025-08-20T04:02:32ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552025-08-0115810.1136/bmjopen-2024-096950Visual perception and cognitive functioning in MCI and mild Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study protocol from the DEM-VIS study in GermanyElmar Graessel0Jessica Roloff1Mark Stemmler2Leonie Krakat3Johanna Weis4Hartmut Lehfeld5Julia Christin Jaščenoka6Monika Daseking7Center for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, GermanyMSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, GermanyDepartment of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) of Erlangen, Nuremberg Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) of Erlangen, Nuremberg Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) of Erlangen, Nuremberg Erlangen, GermanyHospital for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Nuremberg, GermanyDevelopmental and Educational Psychology, Helmut Schmidt University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Hamburg, GermanyDevelopmental and Educational Psychology, Helmut Schmidt University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Hamburg, GermanyIntroduction Visual perception is a fundamental skill that plays a central role in sensing the external environment. Deficits can lead to impairments in everyday activities. Visual perception is known to be impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the extent to which visual perception is impaired in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), often a prodromal state of AD, has not been sufficiently investigated. This study aims to assess visual perceptual abilities in people with MCI and mild AD compared with healthy controls. It will also investigate whether executive functions, activities of daily living and intelligence are affected in this context, providing new insights into the research of visual perception together with MCI and mild AD.Methods and analysis People with MCI, mild AD and healthy controls will be assessed for cognitive deficits using the Syndrom-Kurztest (SKT). Visual perceptual performance will be assessed using the German version of the Developmental Test of Visual Perception-Adolescent and Adult: Second Edition (DTVP-A:2; Frostings Entwicklungstest der visuellen Wahrnehmung – Jugendliche und Erwachsene 2. Auflage). Activities of daily living will be assessed through the Erlangen Test of Activities of Daily Living in Persons with Mild Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment (ETAM) and the Bayer Activities of Daily Living Scale (B-ADL). Executive functions will be measured using the German adaptation of the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Adult (BRIEF-A) and intelligence will be assessed using the Matrix Reasoning and Vocabulary Test of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). Data analysis will involve descriptive analyses, linear regression analyses, multivariate analysis of variance, mediation analysis and structural equation modelling.Ethics and dissemination This study has received approval from the Ethics Committee of Helmut Schmidt University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Germany (number: 2023_009). Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national and international conferences.Trial registration number Registered at OSF https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PM5AVhttps://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e096950.full |
| spellingShingle | Elmar Graessel Jessica Roloff Mark Stemmler Leonie Krakat Johanna Weis Hartmut Lehfeld Julia Christin Jaščenoka Monika Daseking Visual perception and cognitive functioning in MCI and mild Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study protocol from the DEM-VIS study in Germany BMJ Open |
| title | Visual perception and cognitive functioning in MCI and mild Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study protocol from the DEM-VIS study in Germany |
| title_full | Visual perception and cognitive functioning in MCI and mild Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study protocol from the DEM-VIS study in Germany |
| title_fullStr | Visual perception and cognitive functioning in MCI and mild Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study protocol from the DEM-VIS study in Germany |
| title_full_unstemmed | Visual perception and cognitive functioning in MCI and mild Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study protocol from the DEM-VIS study in Germany |
| title_short | Visual perception and cognitive functioning in MCI and mild Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study protocol from the DEM-VIS study in Germany |
| title_sort | visual perception and cognitive functioning in mci and mild alzheimer s disease a cross sectional study protocol from the dem vis study in germany |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/8/e096950.full |
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