An Evolutionary Game Theory-Based Framework for Analyzing Behavioral Strategies in Contractor–Owner Conflicts over Additional Construction Costs

The construction industry faces increasing conflicts over additional construction costs due to economic uncertainties, such as global pandemics and wars. These disputes often lead to project delays, legal actions, and even construction halts, causing significant financial and operational losses for...

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Main Authors: Seong-Sik Jeong, Hee-Sung Cha, Jong-Han Yoon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Buildings
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/4/545
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author Seong-Sik Jeong
Hee-Sung Cha
Jong-Han Yoon
author_facet Seong-Sik Jeong
Hee-Sung Cha
Jong-Han Yoon
author_sort Seong-Sik Jeong
collection DOAJ
description The construction industry faces increasing conflicts over additional construction costs due to economic uncertainties, such as global pandemics and wars. These disputes often lead to project delays, legal actions, and even construction halts, causing significant financial and operational losses for stakeholders. To address these challenges, this study develops a simulation model based on evolutionary game theory (EGT) to identify the key influencing factors and applies the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze and manage the conflicts between contractors and owners in private construction projects. The model quantifies decision-making dynamics by calculating the relative importance of various factors under different scenarios. A proof-of-concept simulation of the model reveals that cooperative evolution dynamics significantly decrease when the cost-sharing ratio reaches 0.5 for contractors and 0.9 for owners. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis indicates that exceeding cost-sharing thresholds undermines cooperation, increasing the risk of disputes. Through this simulation, this study concludes that fostering mutual trust and informed decision-making on cost-sharing ratio significantly reduces project disputes and enhances the stakeholders’ profitability. The developed model and its framework serve as valuable tools for providing project stakeholders with actionable insights aimed at fostering strategic behaviors that minimize dispute-driven financial risks in construction projects.
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spelling doaj-art-03aa2d3163e9409db024b53edc8f35d22025-08-20T02:44:49ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092025-02-0115454510.3390/buildings15040545An Evolutionary Game Theory-Based Framework for Analyzing Behavioral Strategies in Contractor–Owner Conflicts over Additional Construction CostsSeong-Sik Jeong0Hee-Sung Cha1Jong-Han Yoon2Department of Smart Convergence Architecture, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Smart Convergence Architecture, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of KoreaNieri Department of Construction, Development and Planning, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USAThe construction industry faces increasing conflicts over additional construction costs due to economic uncertainties, such as global pandemics and wars. These disputes often lead to project delays, legal actions, and even construction halts, causing significant financial and operational losses for stakeholders. To address these challenges, this study develops a simulation model based on evolutionary game theory (EGT) to identify the key influencing factors and applies the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze and manage the conflicts between contractors and owners in private construction projects. The model quantifies decision-making dynamics by calculating the relative importance of various factors under different scenarios. A proof-of-concept simulation of the model reveals that cooperative evolution dynamics significantly decrease when the cost-sharing ratio reaches 0.5 for contractors and 0.9 for owners. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis indicates that exceeding cost-sharing thresholds undermines cooperation, increasing the risk of disputes. Through this simulation, this study concludes that fostering mutual trust and informed decision-making on cost-sharing ratio significantly reduces project disputes and enhances the stakeholders’ profitability. The developed model and its framework serve as valuable tools for providing project stakeholders with actionable insights aimed at fostering strategic behaviors that minimize dispute-driven financial risks in construction projects.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/4/545analytic hierarchy processbehavior strategiesconstruction dispute resolutionevolutionary game theory
spellingShingle Seong-Sik Jeong
Hee-Sung Cha
Jong-Han Yoon
An Evolutionary Game Theory-Based Framework for Analyzing Behavioral Strategies in Contractor–Owner Conflicts over Additional Construction Costs
Buildings
analytic hierarchy process
behavior strategies
construction dispute resolution
evolutionary game theory
title An Evolutionary Game Theory-Based Framework for Analyzing Behavioral Strategies in Contractor–Owner Conflicts over Additional Construction Costs
title_full An Evolutionary Game Theory-Based Framework for Analyzing Behavioral Strategies in Contractor–Owner Conflicts over Additional Construction Costs
title_fullStr An Evolutionary Game Theory-Based Framework for Analyzing Behavioral Strategies in Contractor–Owner Conflicts over Additional Construction Costs
title_full_unstemmed An Evolutionary Game Theory-Based Framework for Analyzing Behavioral Strategies in Contractor–Owner Conflicts over Additional Construction Costs
title_short An Evolutionary Game Theory-Based Framework for Analyzing Behavioral Strategies in Contractor–Owner Conflicts over Additional Construction Costs
title_sort evolutionary game theory based framework for analyzing behavioral strategies in contractor owner conflicts over additional construction costs
topic analytic hierarchy process
behavior strategies
construction dispute resolution
evolutionary game theory
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/4/545
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