A matched pilot cohort study of intravenous omadacycline in the treatment of severe pneumonia associated with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
BackgroundCarbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB)-caused severe pneumonia is associated with high mortality rates, and treatment options are limited. Tetracyclines, including tigecycline and omadacycline, have in vitro activity against CRAB. We conducted this study to explore the efficac...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| author | Dayu Chen Yechao Chen Yechao Chen Na Hu Qiaoling Gu Qiaoling Gu Jingjing Kan Jingjing Kan Jinchun Liu Haixia Zhang |
| author_facet | Dayu Chen Yechao Chen Yechao Chen Na Hu Qiaoling Gu Qiaoling Gu Jingjing Kan Jingjing Kan Jinchun Liu Haixia Zhang |
| author_sort | Dayu Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundCarbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB)-caused severe pneumonia is associated with high mortality rates, and treatment options are limited. Tetracyclines, including tigecycline and omadacycline, have in vitro activity against CRAB. We conducted this study to explore the efficacy of omadacycline in CRAB-caused severe pneumonia.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was performed by collecting data on severe CRAB-caused pneumonia cases treated with omadacycline or tigecycline at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2022 to June 2024. A 1:1 propensity score-based matching design based on baseline characteristics was utilized. We compared the incidence of clinical response at day 14 or at the end of treatment (EOT) and other clinical outcomes between the two cohorts.ResultsA total of 40 patients were analyzed, with 20 patients in each cohort. The clinical success rate at day 14 or at the EOT was 65% (13/20) in the omadacycline group compared to 55% (11/20) in the tigecycline group. Both groups had an equal mortality rate, with 8 patients dying within 28 days. Development of tigecycline resistance was observed in one patient. The average duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, vasopressor, renal replacement therapy was also comparable in both groups. Adverse events occurred in 50% (10/20) of patients in the omadacycline group and 75% (15/20) in the tigecycline group, with coagulopathy being significantly lower in the omadacycline group (1/20, 5% vs. 7/20, 35%). Gastrointestinal events were reported in 10% (2/20) of the omadacycline group compared to 30% (6/20) in the tigecycline group. Abnormal liver function was observed in 9/20 patients (45%) in the omadacycline group and 6/20 patients (30%) in the tigecycline group.ConclusionThis pilot study was the first to explore the efficacy and safety of omadacycline in CRAB-caused pneumonia. Omadacycline demonstrated comparable efficacy to tigecycline in this small pilot study in the treatment of CRAB-caused pneumonia and has a lower incidence of coagulopathy compared to tigecycline, suggesting it may be a viable option, for treating CRAB-caused severe pneumonia, but further prospective research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these findings. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-0352dd8dd46c44ca9d0a9edffda5c50e2025-08-20T02:50:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-07-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.15978601597860A matched pilot cohort study of intravenous omadacycline in the treatment of severe pneumonia associated with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumanniiDayu Chen0Yechao Chen1Yechao Chen2Na Hu3Qiaoling Gu4Qiaoling Gu5Jingjing Kan6Jingjing Kan7Jinchun Liu8Haixia Zhang9Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, ChinaSchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, ChinaSchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, ChinaSchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, ChinaBackgroundCarbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB)-caused severe pneumonia is associated with high mortality rates, and treatment options are limited. Tetracyclines, including tigecycline and omadacycline, have in vitro activity against CRAB. We conducted this study to explore the efficacy of omadacycline in CRAB-caused severe pneumonia.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was performed by collecting data on severe CRAB-caused pneumonia cases treated with omadacycline or tigecycline at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2022 to June 2024. A 1:1 propensity score-based matching design based on baseline characteristics was utilized. We compared the incidence of clinical response at day 14 or at the end of treatment (EOT) and other clinical outcomes between the two cohorts.ResultsA total of 40 patients were analyzed, with 20 patients in each cohort. The clinical success rate at day 14 or at the EOT was 65% (13/20) in the omadacycline group compared to 55% (11/20) in the tigecycline group. Both groups had an equal mortality rate, with 8 patients dying within 28 days. Development of tigecycline resistance was observed in one patient. The average duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, vasopressor, renal replacement therapy was also comparable in both groups. Adverse events occurred in 50% (10/20) of patients in the omadacycline group and 75% (15/20) in the tigecycline group, with coagulopathy being significantly lower in the omadacycline group (1/20, 5% vs. 7/20, 35%). Gastrointestinal events were reported in 10% (2/20) of the omadacycline group compared to 30% (6/20) in the tigecycline group. Abnormal liver function was observed in 9/20 patients (45%) in the omadacycline group and 6/20 patients (30%) in the tigecycline group.ConclusionThis pilot study was the first to explore the efficacy and safety of omadacycline in CRAB-caused pneumonia. Omadacycline demonstrated comparable efficacy to tigecycline in this small pilot study in the treatment of CRAB-caused pneumonia and has a lower incidence of coagulopathy compared to tigecycline, suggesting it may be a viable option, for treating CRAB-caused severe pneumonia, but further prospective research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these findings.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1597860/fullomadacyclinetigecyclinecarbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumanniipneumoniaretrospective matched cohort study |
| spellingShingle | Dayu Chen Yechao Chen Yechao Chen Na Hu Qiaoling Gu Qiaoling Gu Jingjing Kan Jingjing Kan Jinchun Liu Haixia Zhang A matched pilot cohort study of intravenous omadacycline in the treatment of severe pneumonia associated with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Frontiers in Microbiology omadacycline tigecycline carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia retrospective matched cohort study |
| title | A matched pilot cohort study of intravenous omadacycline in the treatment of severe pneumonia associated with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii |
| title_full | A matched pilot cohort study of intravenous omadacycline in the treatment of severe pneumonia associated with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii |
| title_fullStr | A matched pilot cohort study of intravenous omadacycline in the treatment of severe pneumonia associated with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii |
| title_full_unstemmed | A matched pilot cohort study of intravenous omadacycline in the treatment of severe pneumonia associated with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii |
| title_short | A matched pilot cohort study of intravenous omadacycline in the treatment of severe pneumonia associated with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii |
| title_sort | matched pilot cohort study of intravenous omadacycline in the treatment of severe pneumonia associated with carbapenem resistant acinetobacter baumannii |
| topic | omadacycline tigecycline carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia retrospective matched cohort study |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1597860/full |
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