Equilibrium of Self‐Formed, Single‐Thread, Sand‐Bed Rivers

Abstract Equilibrium geometry of single‐thread rivers with fixed width (engineered rivers) is determined with a flow resistance relation and a sediment transport relation, if characteristic discharge, sediment caliber and supply are specified. In self‐formed channels, however, channel width is not i...

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Main Authors: E. Viparelli, E. C. Eke
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-10-01
Series:Geophysical Research Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094591
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author E. Viparelli
E. C. Eke
author_facet E. Viparelli
E. C. Eke
author_sort E. Viparelli
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Equilibrium geometry of single‐thread rivers with fixed width (engineered rivers) is determined with a flow resistance relation and a sediment transport relation, if characteristic discharge, sediment caliber and supply are specified. In self‐formed channels, however, channel width is not imposed, and one more relation is needed to predict equilibrium geometry. Specifying this relation remains an open problem. Here we present a new model that brings together a coherent train of research progress over 35 years to predict equilibrium geometry of single‐thread rivers from the conservation of channel and floodplain material. Predicted channel geometries are comparable with field observations. In response to increasing floodplain width, sand load and grain size, the equilibrium slope increases, bankfull depth and width decrease. As the volume fraction content of mud in the sediment load increases, bankfull width‐to‐depth ratio and slope decrease suggesting that mud load has a strong control on channel patterns and bankfull geometry.
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spelling doaj-art-032b546cf92a40b2bbf5acca46916eb82025-08-20T02:09:35ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072021-10-014820n/an/a10.1029/2021GL094591Equilibrium of Self‐Formed, Single‐Thread, Sand‐Bed RiversE. Viparelli0E. C. Eke1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of South Carolina Columbia SC USAIdaho Department of Labor Pocatello ID USAAbstract Equilibrium geometry of single‐thread rivers with fixed width (engineered rivers) is determined with a flow resistance relation and a sediment transport relation, if characteristic discharge, sediment caliber and supply are specified. In self‐formed channels, however, channel width is not imposed, and one more relation is needed to predict equilibrium geometry. Specifying this relation remains an open problem. Here we present a new model that brings together a coherent train of research progress over 35 years to predict equilibrium geometry of single‐thread rivers from the conservation of channel and floodplain material. Predicted channel geometries are comparable with field observations. In response to increasing floodplain width, sand load and grain size, the equilibrium slope increases, bankfull depth and width decrease. As the volume fraction content of mud in the sediment load increases, bankfull width‐to‐depth ratio and slope decrease suggesting that mud load has a strong control on channel patterns and bankfull geometry.https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094591channel geometrysand‐bed riverssingle‐thread riversAlluvial equilibriumbankfull geometry
spellingShingle E. Viparelli
E. C. Eke
Equilibrium of Self‐Formed, Single‐Thread, Sand‐Bed Rivers
Geophysical Research Letters
channel geometry
sand‐bed rivers
single‐thread rivers
Alluvial equilibrium
bankfull geometry
title Equilibrium of Self‐Formed, Single‐Thread, Sand‐Bed Rivers
title_full Equilibrium of Self‐Formed, Single‐Thread, Sand‐Bed Rivers
title_fullStr Equilibrium of Self‐Formed, Single‐Thread, Sand‐Bed Rivers
title_full_unstemmed Equilibrium of Self‐Formed, Single‐Thread, Sand‐Bed Rivers
title_short Equilibrium of Self‐Formed, Single‐Thread, Sand‐Bed Rivers
title_sort equilibrium of self formed single thread sand bed rivers
topic channel geometry
sand‐bed rivers
single‐thread rivers
Alluvial equilibrium
bankfull geometry
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094591
work_keys_str_mv AT eviparelli equilibriumofselfformedsinglethreadsandbedrivers
AT eceke equilibriumofselfformedsinglethreadsandbedrivers