Enhancing synchronous hybrid learning with telepresence robots: a PEPCII pedagogical design model for remote and onsite student engagement
IntroductionThe aim of this article is to provide a report on the development of a pedagogical design model for the effective adoption of telepresence robots (TPRs) in synchronous hybrid learning settings.MethodsFollowing the design thinking approach, we conducted three qualitative studies. In the f...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Education |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2025.1554065/full |
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| author | Tiina Kasuk Janika Leoste Janika Leoste Sirje Virkus |
| author_facet | Tiina Kasuk Janika Leoste Janika Leoste Sirje Virkus |
| author_sort | Tiina Kasuk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThe aim of this article is to provide a report on the development of a pedagogical design model for the effective adoption of telepresence robots (TPRs) in synchronous hybrid learning settings.MethodsFollowing the design thinking approach, we conducted three qualitative studies. In the first study, we examined the needs of and opportunities for using TPRs in education as well as some of the related challenges. This was based on the personal experiences of six academic staff members in two Estonian higher education institutions. Building on the first study, we designed a 13-week synchronous hybrid undergraduate-level course using TPRs. The course was delivered to six students. Based on the students’ homework and written feedback, the first prototype of a pedagogical design model was subsequently developed. In the third study, this model was piloted with 56 teachers by means of a two-hour hands-on synchronous hybrid workshop.ResultsBased on the teachers’ feedback, the prototype was further improved and the PEPCII Pedagogical Design Model was completed. The PEPCII model comprises six central components that address key barriers to the adoption of TPR-s in education: Physical Operational and Educational Environment, Ethical and Cybersecurity Considerations, Cognitive and Physical Limitations, Pedagogical Integration, Inclusive Access and Engagement, and Instructional Methods.DiscussionThe PEPCII model addresses critical barriers to TPR adoption in education. Future research is required to validate the model in varied classroom settings over longer durations, and to assess impacts on engagement and well-being of TPR users, on-site students, and instructors. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0318374f501e4893ad08c1eff41b05e8 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2504-284X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Education |
| spelling | doaj-art-0318374f501e4893ad08c1eff41b05e82025-08-20T02:07:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Education2504-284X2025-06-011010.3389/feduc.2025.15540651554065Enhancing synchronous hybrid learning with telepresence robots: a PEPCII pedagogical design model for remote and onsite student engagementTiina Kasuk0Janika Leoste1Janika Leoste2Sirje Virkus3IT College, School of Information Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, EstoniaIT College, School of Information Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, EstoniaSchool of Educational Sciences, Tallinn University, Tallinn, EstoniaSchool of Digital Technologies, Tallinn University, Tallinn, EstoniaIntroductionThe aim of this article is to provide a report on the development of a pedagogical design model for the effective adoption of telepresence robots (TPRs) in synchronous hybrid learning settings.MethodsFollowing the design thinking approach, we conducted three qualitative studies. In the first study, we examined the needs of and opportunities for using TPRs in education as well as some of the related challenges. This was based on the personal experiences of six academic staff members in two Estonian higher education institutions. Building on the first study, we designed a 13-week synchronous hybrid undergraduate-level course using TPRs. The course was delivered to six students. Based on the students’ homework and written feedback, the first prototype of a pedagogical design model was subsequently developed. In the third study, this model was piloted with 56 teachers by means of a two-hour hands-on synchronous hybrid workshop.ResultsBased on the teachers’ feedback, the prototype was further improved and the PEPCII Pedagogical Design Model was completed. The PEPCII model comprises six central components that address key barriers to the adoption of TPR-s in education: Physical Operational and Educational Environment, Ethical and Cybersecurity Considerations, Cognitive and Physical Limitations, Pedagogical Integration, Inclusive Access and Engagement, and Instructional Methods.DiscussionThe PEPCII model addresses critical barriers to TPR adoption in education. Future research is required to validate the model in varied classroom settings over longer durations, and to assess impacts on engagement and well-being of TPR users, on-site students, and instructors.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2025.1554065/fulltelepresence robotpedagogical design modelsynchronous hybrid learningsocial presencetechnology acceptance |
| spellingShingle | Tiina Kasuk Janika Leoste Janika Leoste Sirje Virkus Enhancing synchronous hybrid learning with telepresence robots: a PEPCII pedagogical design model for remote and onsite student engagement Frontiers in Education telepresence robot pedagogical design model synchronous hybrid learning social presence technology acceptance |
| title | Enhancing synchronous hybrid learning with telepresence robots: a PEPCII pedagogical design model for remote and onsite student engagement |
| title_full | Enhancing synchronous hybrid learning with telepresence robots: a PEPCII pedagogical design model for remote and onsite student engagement |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing synchronous hybrid learning with telepresence robots: a PEPCII pedagogical design model for remote and onsite student engagement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing synchronous hybrid learning with telepresence robots: a PEPCII pedagogical design model for remote and onsite student engagement |
| title_short | Enhancing synchronous hybrid learning with telepresence robots: a PEPCII pedagogical design model for remote and onsite student engagement |
| title_sort | enhancing synchronous hybrid learning with telepresence robots a pepcii pedagogical design model for remote and onsite student engagement |
| topic | telepresence robot pedagogical design model synchronous hybrid learning social presence technology acceptance |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2025.1554065/full |
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