Unilateral Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis Due to Uncontrolled Topical Steroid Treatment, a Case Report

<b>Background and clinical significance:</b> Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a disease of the epiphysis caused by the death of osteocytes and osteoblasts, resulting in debilitating pain. ONFH can be traumatic or nontraumatic, with prolonged glucocorticoid use being the leadin...

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Main Authors: David Glavaš Weinberger, Lena Kotrulja, Snježana Ramić, Patricija Sesar, Slaven Babić
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Reports
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2571-841X/8/2/65
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author David Glavaš Weinberger
Lena Kotrulja
Snježana Ramić
Patricija Sesar
Slaven Babić
author_facet David Glavaš Weinberger
Lena Kotrulja
Snježana Ramić
Patricija Sesar
Slaven Babić
author_sort David Glavaš Weinberger
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background and clinical significance:</b> Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a disease of the epiphysis caused by the death of osteocytes and osteoblasts, resulting in debilitating pain. ONFH can be traumatic or nontraumatic, with prolonged glucocorticoid use being the leading cause of nontraumatic ONFH. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition typically treated with topical corticosteroids. ONFH following topical corticosteroid treatment is exceedingly rare, with limited documentation in the literature. We present a case of an under-recognized complication of prolonged topical corticosteroid treatment. <b>Case presentation:</b> We report a case of a 29-year-old Caucasian male patient with sharp right hip pain. Plain radiographs, a CT scan, and an MRI indicated Ficat and Arlet stage 3 ONFH. The patient reported the prolonged uncontrolled use of topical mometasone furoate for five years due to AD. Following the diagnosis, topical corticosteroids were discontinued, and the treatment was shifted to tacrolimus and, subsequently, to oral methotrexate with folic acid. The patient underwent a total hip arthroplasty in June 2022. Given his young age and poor response to previous treatments, he was transitioned to upadacitinib, which led to significant improvement without skin flare-ups or postoperative hip pain. <b>Conclusions:</b> This case highlights the rare, but serious, risk of ONFH associated with long-term topical corticosteroid use. It underscores the importance of monitoring systemic side effects in dermatological therapies and educating patients on proper corticosteroid use. Alternative treatments, such as upadacitinib, should be considered in young male patients to prevent severe complications.
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spelling doaj-art-0302cab2fe7a4639ae03bc73b7ab33852025-08-20T03:27:42ZengMDPI AGReports2571-841X2025-05-01826510.3390/reports8020065Unilateral Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis Due to Uncontrolled Topical Steroid Treatment, a Case ReportDavid Glavaš Weinberger0Lena Kotrulja1Snježana Ramić2Patricija Sesar3Slaven Babić4Traumatology Department, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDermaPlus Clinic, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaPathology and Cytology Department “Ljudevit Jurak”, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaPathology and Cytology Department “Ljudevit Jurak”, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaTraumatology Department, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia<b>Background and clinical significance:</b> Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a disease of the epiphysis caused by the death of osteocytes and osteoblasts, resulting in debilitating pain. ONFH can be traumatic or nontraumatic, with prolonged glucocorticoid use being the leading cause of nontraumatic ONFH. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition typically treated with topical corticosteroids. ONFH following topical corticosteroid treatment is exceedingly rare, with limited documentation in the literature. We present a case of an under-recognized complication of prolonged topical corticosteroid treatment. <b>Case presentation:</b> We report a case of a 29-year-old Caucasian male patient with sharp right hip pain. Plain radiographs, a CT scan, and an MRI indicated Ficat and Arlet stage 3 ONFH. The patient reported the prolonged uncontrolled use of topical mometasone furoate for five years due to AD. Following the diagnosis, topical corticosteroids were discontinued, and the treatment was shifted to tacrolimus and, subsequently, to oral methotrexate with folic acid. The patient underwent a total hip arthroplasty in June 2022. Given his young age and poor response to previous treatments, he was transitioned to upadacitinib, which led to significant improvement without skin flare-ups or postoperative hip pain. <b>Conclusions:</b> This case highlights the rare, but serious, risk of ONFH associated with long-term topical corticosteroid use. It underscores the importance of monitoring systemic side effects in dermatological therapies and educating patients on proper corticosteroid use. Alternative treatments, such as upadacitinib, should be considered in young male patients to prevent severe complications.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-841X/8/2/65femoral head osteonecrosisatopic dermatitistopical corticosteroidsadverse effectssteroid-induced avascular osteonecrosis
spellingShingle David Glavaš Weinberger
Lena Kotrulja
Snježana Ramić
Patricija Sesar
Slaven Babić
Unilateral Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis Due to Uncontrolled Topical Steroid Treatment, a Case Report
Reports
femoral head osteonecrosis
atopic dermatitis
topical corticosteroids
adverse effects
steroid-induced avascular osteonecrosis
title Unilateral Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis Due to Uncontrolled Topical Steroid Treatment, a Case Report
title_full Unilateral Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis Due to Uncontrolled Topical Steroid Treatment, a Case Report
title_fullStr Unilateral Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis Due to Uncontrolled Topical Steroid Treatment, a Case Report
title_full_unstemmed Unilateral Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis Due to Uncontrolled Topical Steroid Treatment, a Case Report
title_short Unilateral Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis Due to Uncontrolled Topical Steroid Treatment, a Case Report
title_sort unilateral osteonecrosis of the femoral head in a patient with atopic dermatitis due to uncontrolled topical steroid treatment a case report
topic femoral head osteonecrosis
atopic dermatitis
topical corticosteroids
adverse effects
steroid-induced avascular osteonecrosis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2571-841X/8/2/65
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