Effect of different nitrogen applications on maize yield and nutrient accumulation in different organs
The study was carried out based on a long-term site field experiment that started from 2009 to 2014, with the same fertilizer application with P2O5 75 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, K2O 105 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>. The nitrogen fertilizer was applied with five different amounts (0, 90, 180, 27...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Zhejiang University Press
2018-09-01
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| Series: | 浙江大学学报. 农业与生命科学版 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.academax.com/doi/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2016.10.114 |
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| Summary: | The study was carried out based on a long-term site field experiment that started from 2009 to 2014, with the same fertilizer application with P2O5 75 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, K2O 105 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>. The nitrogen fertilizer was applied with five different amounts (0, 90, 180, 270 and 390 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, marked as N<sub>0</sub>, N<sub>1</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>3</sub>, N<sub>4</sub>), which was added to the maize in a ratio of 3∶3∶4 referring to base fertilizer∶stem elongation∶head sprouting. The results showed: 1) The biomass, grain yield of maize increased first and then decreased with the increasing amount of nitrogen fertilizer application. The grain yield of N<sub>1</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>3</sub>, and N<sub>4</sub> treatment was higher 83.8%, 116.1%, 109.7% and 69.4% than that of N<sub>0</sub>, respectively. Moreover, the N<sub>2</sub> treatment obtained the highest biomass which was 197.5%, 23.0%, 9.4% and 9.6% more than that of N<sub>0</sub>, N<sub>1</sub>, N<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>4</sub>, respectively. 2) The partial factor productivity of applied nitrogen (PFP-N) and the agronomic utilization efficiency of the maize presented a decreasing trend with the increasing of nitrogen application. The harvest index of nitrogen in different treatments differed from each other in which N<sub>3</sub> (66.7%)>N<sub>2</sub> (63.8%)>N<sub>1</sub> (61.1%)>N<sub>0</sub> (57.7%)>N<sub>4</sub> (51.9%). The utilization rate of N fertilizer in the current season showed reduction with the increment of N fertilizer application in which the highest rate was 85.9% from N<sub>1</sub> while the lowest was 29.9% in N<sub>4</sub> treatment. 3) The assimilation of N, P and K in the same organ of maize showed a huge difference. For example, the grains, leaves and corn cob preferred to assimilate more N than P and K, and the stem and leaf sheath absorbed more K than N and P, whilst the root absorbed more K than N and P. 4) The ammonium and nitrate nitrogen of soil in the harvest stage of maize increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application, but the ammonium nitrogen of soil was still at a low level, which was lower than the nitrate nitrogen in each treatment. In summary, the optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer for a long-term agricultural cultivation of maize is 180 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>, which could keep the fertility of soil and also protect the environment. |
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| ISSN: | 1008-9209 2097-5155 |