Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment and therapeutic outcomes in special populations: A collaborative retrospective study.

<h4>Background</h4>Treatment guidance for children and older adult patients affected by cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is unclear due to limited representation of these groups in clinical trials.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a collaborative retrospective study to describe the ef...

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Main Authors: Maria Del Mar Castro, Joelle Rode, Paulo R L Machado, Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas, Marcia Hueb, Gláucia Cota, Isis Valentina Rojas, Yenifer Orobio, Oscar Oviedo Sarmiento, Ernesto Rojas, Juliana Quintero, Maria Inês Fernandes Pimentel, Jaime Soto, Carvel Suprien, Fiorela Alvarez, Ana Pilar Ramos, Rayssa Basílio Dos Santos Arantes, Rosiana Estéfane da Silva, Claudia Marcela Arenas, Ivan Darío Vélez, Marcelo Rosandiski Lyra, Nancy Gore Saravia, Byron Arana, Neal Alexander
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2023-01-01
Series:PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0011029&type=printable
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author Maria Del Mar Castro
Joelle Rode
Paulo R L Machado
Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas
Marcia Hueb
Gláucia Cota
Isis Valentina Rojas
Yenifer Orobio
Oscar Oviedo Sarmiento
Ernesto Rojas
Juliana Quintero
Maria Inês Fernandes Pimentel
Jaime Soto
Carvel Suprien
Fiorela Alvarez
Ana Pilar Ramos
Rayssa Basílio Dos Santos Arantes
Rosiana Estéfane da Silva
Claudia Marcela Arenas
Ivan Darío Vélez
Marcelo Rosandiski Lyra
Nancy Gore Saravia
Byron Arana
Neal Alexander
author_facet Maria Del Mar Castro
Joelle Rode
Paulo R L Machado
Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas
Marcia Hueb
Gláucia Cota
Isis Valentina Rojas
Yenifer Orobio
Oscar Oviedo Sarmiento
Ernesto Rojas
Juliana Quintero
Maria Inês Fernandes Pimentel
Jaime Soto
Carvel Suprien
Fiorela Alvarez
Ana Pilar Ramos
Rayssa Basílio Dos Santos Arantes
Rosiana Estéfane da Silva
Claudia Marcela Arenas
Ivan Darío Vélez
Marcelo Rosandiski Lyra
Nancy Gore Saravia
Byron Arana
Neal Alexander
author_sort Maria Del Mar Castro
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Background</h4>Treatment guidance for children and older adult patients affected by cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is unclear due to limited representation of these groups in clinical trials.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a collaborative retrospective study to describe the effectiveness and safety of antileishmanial treatments in children ≤ 10 and adults ≥ 60 years of age, treated between 2014 and 2018 in ten CL referral centers in Latin America.<h4>Results</h4>2,037 clinical records were assessed for eligibility. Of them, the main reason for non-inclusion was lack of data on treatment follow-up and therapeutic response (182/242, 75% of children and 179/468, 38% of adults). Data on 1,325 eligible CL patients (736 children and 589 older adults) were analyzed. In both age groups, disease presentation was mild, with a median number of lesions of one (IQR: 1-2) and median lesion diameter of less than 3 cm. Less than 50% of the patients had data for two or more follow-up visits post-treatment (being only 28% in pediatric patients). Systemic antimonials were the most common monotherapy regimen in both age groups (590/736, 80.2% of children and 308/589, 52.3% of older adults) with overall cure rates of 54.6% (95% CI: 50.5-58.6%) and 68.2% (95% CI: 62.6-73.4%), respectively. Other treatments used include miltefosine, amphotericin B, intralesional antimonials, and pentamidine. Adverse reactions related to the main treatment were experienced in 11.9% (86/722) of children versus 38.4% (206/537) of older adults. Most adverse reactions were of mild intensity.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our findings support the need for greater availability and use of alternatives to systemic antimonials, particularly local therapies, and development of strategies to improve patient follow-up across the region, with special attention to pediatric populations.
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spelling doaj-art-02a878a290dc45fb8bbfcef2c402dcf82025-08-20T02:33:19ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352023-01-01171e001102910.1371/journal.pntd.0011029Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment and therapeutic outcomes in special populations: A collaborative retrospective study.Maria Del Mar CastroJoelle RodePaulo R L MachadoAlejandro Llanos-CuentasMarcia HuebGláucia CotaIsis Valentina RojasYenifer OrobioOscar Oviedo SarmientoErnesto RojasJuliana QuinteroMaria Inês Fernandes PimentelJaime SotoCarvel SuprienFiorela AlvarezAna Pilar RamosRayssa Basílio Dos Santos ArantesRosiana Estéfane da SilvaClaudia Marcela ArenasIvan Darío VélezMarcelo Rosandiski LyraNancy Gore SaraviaByron AranaNeal Alexander<h4>Background</h4>Treatment guidance for children and older adult patients affected by cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is unclear due to limited representation of these groups in clinical trials.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a collaborative retrospective study to describe the effectiveness and safety of antileishmanial treatments in children ≤ 10 and adults ≥ 60 years of age, treated between 2014 and 2018 in ten CL referral centers in Latin America.<h4>Results</h4>2,037 clinical records were assessed for eligibility. Of them, the main reason for non-inclusion was lack of data on treatment follow-up and therapeutic response (182/242, 75% of children and 179/468, 38% of adults). Data on 1,325 eligible CL patients (736 children and 589 older adults) were analyzed. In both age groups, disease presentation was mild, with a median number of lesions of one (IQR: 1-2) and median lesion diameter of less than 3 cm. Less than 50% of the patients had data for two or more follow-up visits post-treatment (being only 28% in pediatric patients). Systemic antimonials were the most common monotherapy regimen in both age groups (590/736, 80.2% of children and 308/589, 52.3% of older adults) with overall cure rates of 54.6% (95% CI: 50.5-58.6%) and 68.2% (95% CI: 62.6-73.4%), respectively. Other treatments used include miltefosine, amphotericin B, intralesional antimonials, and pentamidine. Adverse reactions related to the main treatment were experienced in 11.9% (86/722) of children versus 38.4% (206/537) of older adults. Most adverse reactions were of mild intensity.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our findings support the need for greater availability and use of alternatives to systemic antimonials, particularly local therapies, and development of strategies to improve patient follow-up across the region, with special attention to pediatric populations.https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0011029&type=printable
spellingShingle Maria Del Mar Castro
Joelle Rode
Paulo R L Machado
Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas
Marcia Hueb
Gláucia Cota
Isis Valentina Rojas
Yenifer Orobio
Oscar Oviedo Sarmiento
Ernesto Rojas
Juliana Quintero
Maria Inês Fernandes Pimentel
Jaime Soto
Carvel Suprien
Fiorela Alvarez
Ana Pilar Ramos
Rayssa Basílio Dos Santos Arantes
Rosiana Estéfane da Silva
Claudia Marcela Arenas
Ivan Darío Vélez
Marcelo Rosandiski Lyra
Nancy Gore Saravia
Byron Arana
Neal Alexander
Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment and therapeutic outcomes in special populations: A collaborative retrospective study.
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
title Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment and therapeutic outcomes in special populations: A collaborative retrospective study.
title_full Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment and therapeutic outcomes in special populations: A collaborative retrospective study.
title_fullStr Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment and therapeutic outcomes in special populations: A collaborative retrospective study.
title_full_unstemmed Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment and therapeutic outcomes in special populations: A collaborative retrospective study.
title_short Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment and therapeutic outcomes in special populations: A collaborative retrospective study.
title_sort cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment and therapeutic outcomes in special populations a collaborative retrospective study
url https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0011029&type=printable
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