2‐[18F] FDG PET/CT in Rapid Late‐Onset Multiple Acyl‐CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A Case Report
ABSTRACT Multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) is a rare inborn metabolic myopathy affecting fat and protein metabolism. Patients with late‐onset MADD typically present with exercise intolerance and muscle weakness. We present a patient with an acute, very late‐onset symptom debut at 52 ...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2025-03-01
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| Series: | JIMD Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/jmd2.12469 |
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| Summary: | ABSTRACT Multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) is a rare inborn metabolic myopathy affecting fat and protein metabolism. Patients with late‐onset MADD typically present with exercise intolerance and muscle weakness. We present a patient with an acute, very late‐onset symptom debut at 52 years of age. Over 5 months, the patient deteriorated from asymptomatic to almost complete loss of ambulation. He had a substantial weight loss, head‐drop, progressive proximal limb and chewing weakness. Due to the rapid progression, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, myositis, myasthenia gravis and a paraneoplastic syndrome in relation to underlying malignancy were considered first. A 2‐[18F] FDG PET/CT scan was performed to exclude a paraneoplastic syndrome. The scan revealed diffuse and symmetric, pathologically high 2‐[18F] FDG‐uptake in the patient's neck, shoulder, and paravertebral muscles, which was later suggested as a sign of a metabolic myopathy. Muscle biopsy (Oil Red O staining) and acylcarnitine profile (elevated C5‐C18 acylcarnitines) findings suggested MADD, which was confirmed by genetic analysis showing biallelic variants in the ETFDH gene (c.1763A>G, p.(His588Arg); c.897G>A, p.(Leu299=)). After 1 month of dietary intervention and daily diet supplements (riboflavin 400 mg TID, levocarnitine 1 g TID, Q10 150 mg qD in two doses), the patient had almost recovered to his habitual level. A posttreatment muscle biopsy showed less disrupted ultrastructure of the myofibers. We learned from this case of rapid and late‐onset MADD that 2‐[18F] FDG PET/CT, with diffuse and symmetric 2‐[18F] FDG‐uptake in skeletal muscle, can be valuable in clarifying this rare diagnosis. |
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| ISSN: | 2192-8312 |