Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHD
Abstract Individuals with ADHD struggle with time perception. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) are two distinct cortical areas that are involved in the psychopathology of ADHD, including time perception. In the present study, we aimed to explore i...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82974-8 |
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| author | Vahid Nejati Fateme Mirikaram Michael A. Nitsche |
| author_facet | Vahid Nejati Fateme Mirikaram Michael A. Nitsche |
| author_sort | Vahid Nejati |
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| description | Abstract Individuals with ADHD struggle with time perception. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) are two distinct cortical areas that are involved in the psychopathology of ADHD, including time perception. In the present study, we aimed to explore if modulation of the excitability of these areas with non-invasive brain stimulation alters time perception in ADHD. Twenty-six children with ADHD performed time discrimination and time estimation/reproduction tasks in five sessions with one week interval and specific tDCS conditions. The tDCS conditions were anodal left dlPFC/cathodal right vmPFC, the reversed electrode positioning, isolated anodal left dlPFC, right vmPFC stimulation with extracranial return electrodes, and sham stimulation. An improved time discrimination was observed in all real stimulation conditions compared to sham stimulation, however the results did not differ between real stimulation conditions. For the time reproduction/estimation task, anodal vmPFC/cathodal dlPFC, isolated anodal dlPFC stimulation and isolated anodal vmPFC stimulation with extracranial return electrodes improved time reproduction, but not estimation, compared to sham stimulation. These results imply that the left dlPFC and right vmPFC are involved in time estimation, whereas the right vmPFC might be more critical for time reproduction. This finding is discussed in light of task and stimulus properties. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-025703d5bcd4439fa4d654c7fde14e64 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-025703d5bcd4439fa4d654c7fde14e642025-01-05T12:30:29ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-0114111110.1038/s41598-024-82974-8Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHDVahid Nejati0Fateme Mirikaram1Michael A. Nitsche2Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti UniversityDepartment of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human FactorsAbstract Individuals with ADHD struggle with time perception. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) are two distinct cortical areas that are involved in the psychopathology of ADHD, including time perception. In the present study, we aimed to explore if modulation of the excitability of these areas with non-invasive brain stimulation alters time perception in ADHD. Twenty-six children with ADHD performed time discrimination and time estimation/reproduction tasks in five sessions with one week interval and specific tDCS conditions. The tDCS conditions were anodal left dlPFC/cathodal right vmPFC, the reversed electrode positioning, isolated anodal left dlPFC, right vmPFC stimulation with extracranial return electrodes, and sham stimulation. An improved time discrimination was observed in all real stimulation conditions compared to sham stimulation, however the results did not differ between real stimulation conditions. For the time reproduction/estimation task, anodal vmPFC/cathodal dlPFC, isolated anodal dlPFC stimulation and isolated anodal vmPFC stimulation with extracranial return electrodes improved time reproduction, but not estimation, compared to sham stimulation. These results imply that the left dlPFC and right vmPFC are involved in time estimation, whereas the right vmPFC might be more critical for time reproduction. This finding is discussed in light of task and stimulus properties.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82974-8Time perceptionTime discriminationTime estimationTime reproductionVentromedial prefrontal cortexDorsolateral prefrontal cortex |
| spellingShingle | Vahid Nejati Fateme Mirikaram Michael A. Nitsche Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHD Scientific Reports Time perception Time discrimination Time estimation Time reproduction Ventromedial prefrontal cortex Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex |
| title | Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHD |
| title_full | Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHD |
| title_fullStr | Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHD |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHD |
| title_short | Transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with ADHD |
| title_sort | transcranial direct current stimulation improves time perception in children with adhd |
| topic | Time perception Time discrimination Time estimation Time reproduction Ventromedial prefrontal cortex Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-82974-8 |
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