Understanding the Immune System in Fetal Protection and Maternal Infections during Pregnancy
The fetal-maternal immune system determines the fate of pregnancy. The trophoblast cells not only give an active response against external stimuli but are also involved in secreting most of the cytokines. These cells have an essential function in fetal acceptance or fetal rejection. Other immune cel...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7567708 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832558358746365952 |
|---|---|
| author | Tarique Hussain Ghulam Murtaza Dildar Hussain Kalhoro Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro Yulong Yin Muhammad Ismail Chughtai Bie Tan Anjaleena Yaseen Zia Ur Rehman |
| author_facet | Tarique Hussain Ghulam Murtaza Dildar Hussain Kalhoro Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro Yulong Yin Muhammad Ismail Chughtai Bie Tan Anjaleena Yaseen Zia Ur Rehman |
| author_sort | Tarique Hussain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The fetal-maternal immune system determines the fate of pregnancy. The trophoblast cells not only give an active response against external stimuli but are also involved in secreting most of the cytokines. These cells have an essential function in fetal acceptance or fetal rejection. Other immune cells also play a pivotal role in carrying out a successful pregnancy. The disruption in this mechanism may lead to harmful effects on pregnancy. The placenta serves as an immune barrier in fetus protection against invading pathogens. Once the infections prevail, they may localize in placental and fetal tissues, and the presence of inflammation due to cytokines may have detrimental effects on pregnancy. Moreover, some pathogens are responsible for congenital fetal anomalies and affect almost all organs of the developing fetus. This review article is designed to address the bacterial and viral infections that threaten pregnancy and their possible outcomes. Moreover, training of the fetal immune system against the exposure of infections and the role of CD49a + NK cells in embryonic development will also be highlighted. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0205b595ae324d36892ade2ec38c91b4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-0205b595ae324d36892ade2ec38c91b42025-02-03T01:32:34ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-71562022-01-01202210.1155/2022/7567708Understanding the Immune System in Fetal Protection and Maternal Infections during PregnancyTarique Hussain0Ghulam Murtaza1Dildar Hussain Kalhoro2Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro3Yulong Yin4Muhammad Ismail Chughtai5Bie Tan6Anjaleena Yaseen7Zia Ur Rehman8College of Animal Science and TechnologyDepartment of Animal Reproduction Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary SciencesDepartment of Veterinary Microbiology Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary SciencesDepartment of Animal Products Technology Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary SciencesInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureAnimal Sciences Division Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology CollegeCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyAnimal Sciences Division Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology CollegeCollege of Veterinary Sciences Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary SciencesThe fetal-maternal immune system determines the fate of pregnancy. The trophoblast cells not only give an active response against external stimuli but are also involved in secreting most of the cytokines. These cells have an essential function in fetal acceptance or fetal rejection. Other immune cells also play a pivotal role in carrying out a successful pregnancy. The disruption in this mechanism may lead to harmful effects on pregnancy. The placenta serves as an immune barrier in fetus protection against invading pathogens. Once the infections prevail, they may localize in placental and fetal tissues, and the presence of inflammation due to cytokines may have detrimental effects on pregnancy. Moreover, some pathogens are responsible for congenital fetal anomalies and affect almost all organs of the developing fetus. This review article is designed to address the bacterial and viral infections that threaten pregnancy and their possible outcomes. Moreover, training of the fetal immune system against the exposure of infections and the role of CD49a + NK cells in embryonic development will also be highlighted.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7567708 |
| spellingShingle | Tarique Hussain Ghulam Murtaza Dildar Hussain Kalhoro Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro Yulong Yin Muhammad Ismail Chughtai Bie Tan Anjaleena Yaseen Zia Ur Rehman Understanding the Immune System in Fetal Protection and Maternal Infections during Pregnancy Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Understanding the Immune System in Fetal Protection and Maternal Infections during Pregnancy |
| title_full | Understanding the Immune System in Fetal Protection and Maternal Infections during Pregnancy |
| title_fullStr | Understanding the Immune System in Fetal Protection and Maternal Infections during Pregnancy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding the Immune System in Fetal Protection and Maternal Infections during Pregnancy |
| title_short | Understanding the Immune System in Fetal Protection and Maternal Infections during Pregnancy |
| title_sort | understanding the immune system in fetal protection and maternal infections during pregnancy |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7567708 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tariquehussain understandingtheimmunesysteminfetalprotectionandmaternalinfectionsduringpregnancy AT ghulammurtaza understandingtheimmunesysteminfetalprotectionandmaternalinfectionsduringpregnancy AT dildarhussainkalhoro understandingtheimmunesysteminfetalprotectionandmaternalinfectionsduringpregnancy AT muhammadsaleemkalhoro understandingtheimmunesysteminfetalprotectionandmaternalinfectionsduringpregnancy AT yulongyin understandingtheimmunesysteminfetalprotectionandmaternalinfectionsduringpregnancy AT muhammadismailchughtai understandingtheimmunesysteminfetalprotectionandmaternalinfectionsduringpregnancy AT bietan understandingtheimmunesysteminfetalprotectionandmaternalinfectionsduringpregnancy AT anjaleenayaseen understandingtheimmunesysteminfetalprotectionandmaternalinfectionsduringpregnancy AT ziaurrehman understandingtheimmunesysteminfetalprotectionandmaternalinfectionsduringpregnancy |