Health–Economic Impact Attributable to Occurrence of Pleurisy and Pneumonia Lesions in Finishing Pigs

Respiratory diseases, such as pleurisy and pneumonia, cause significant health and economic losses in pig production. This study evaluated 867 finishing pigs from a farm with a history of respiratory issues, using macroscopic lesion scoring (SPES and CVPC), histopathological analysis, qPCR diagnosti...

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Main Authors: Clarisse S. Malcher, Fernando A. M. Petri, Laiza P. Arruda, Gabriel A. de Aguiar, Gabriel Y. Storino, Karina Sonalio, Leonardo T. Toledo, Flávio Hirose, Luís Guilherme de Oliveira
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Veterinary Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/11/12/668
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author Clarisse S. Malcher
Fernando A. M. Petri
Laiza P. Arruda
Gabriel A. de Aguiar
Gabriel Y. Storino
Karina Sonalio
Leonardo T. Toledo
Flávio Hirose
Luís Guilherme de Oliveira
author_facet Clarisse S. Malcher
Fernando A. M. Petri
Laiza P. Arruda
Gabriel A. de Aguiar
Gabriel Y. Storino
Karina Sonalio
Leonardo T. Toledo
Flávio Hirose
Luís Guilherme de Oliveira
author_sort Clarisse S. Malcher
collection DOAJ
description Respiratory diseases, such as pleurisy and pneumonia, cause significant health and economic losses in pig production. This study evaluated 867 finishing pigs from a farm with a history of respiratory issues, using macroscopic lesion scoring (SPES and CVPC), histopathological analysis, qPCR diagnostics, and economic modeling. Severe pleurisy (scores 3 and 4) was observed in 42.1% of carcasses and was strongly correlated with higher bacterial loads of <i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</i>, <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>, and <i>Pasteurella multocida</i>. Severe lesions reduced the average daily gain (ADG) and carcass weight, leading to increased production costs and lower profitability. Economic analysis revealed that pigs with higher pleurisy scores incurred an additional cost per kg (USD 1.29 vs. USD 1.32 for milder cases), reduced total revenue by 1.36%, and decreased return on investment (ROI) from 5.33% to 3.90%. These findings emphasize the critical impact of respiratory diseases on profitability and the necessity of robust health management strategies, including vaccination and enhanced biosecurity, to minimize economic losses in swine farming.
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spelling doaj-art-01fe68f06edd4403800afca3cb89dd212025-08-20T02:01:10ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812024-12-01111266810.3390/vetsci11120668Health–Economic Impact Attributable to Occurrence of Pleurisy and Pneumonia Lesions in Finishing PigsClarisse S. Malcher0Fernando A. M. Petri1Laiza P. Arruda2Gabriel A. de Aguiar3Gabriel Y. Storino4Karina Sonalio5Leonardo T. Toledo6Flávio Hirose7Luís Guilherme de Oliveira8School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, BrazilSchool of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, BrazilSchool of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, BrazilSchool of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, BrazilSchool of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, BrazilSchool of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, BrazilDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, BrazilOurofino Animal Health, Cravinhos 14140-000, SP, BrazilSchool of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, BrazilRespiratory diseases, such as pleurisy and pneumonia, cause significant health and economic losses in pig production. This study evaluated 867 finishing pigs from a farm with a history of respiratory issues, using macroscopic lesion scoring (SPES and CVPC), histopathological analysis, qPCR diagnostics, and economic modeling. Severe pleurisy (scores 3 and 4) was observed in 42.1% of carcasses and was strongly correlated with higher bacterial loads of <i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</i>, <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>, and <i>Pasteurella multocida</i>. Severe lesions reduced the average daily gain (ADG) and carcass weight, leading to increased production costs and lower profitability. Economic analysis revealed that pigs with higher pleurisy scores incurred an additional cost per kg (USD 1.29 vs. USD 1.32 for milder cases), reduced total revenue by 1.36%, and decreased return on investment (ROI) from 5.33% to 3.90%. These findings emphasize the critical impact of respiratory diseases on profitability and the necessity of robust health management strategies, including vaccination and enhanced biosecurity, to minimize economic losses in swine farming.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/11/12/668<i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>ADGintensive pig farming<i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</i><i>Pasteurella multocida</i>PRDC
spellingShingle Clarisse S. Malcher
Fernando A. M. Petri
Laiza P. Arruda
Gabriel A. de Aguiar
Gabriel Y. Storino
Karina Sonalio
Leonardo T. Toledo
Flávio Hirose
Luís Guilherme de Oliveira
Health–Economic Impact Attributable to Occurrence of Pleurisy and Pneumonia Lesions in Finishing Pigs
Veterinary Sciences
<i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>
ADG
intensive pig farming
<i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</i>
<i>Pasteurella multocida</i>
PRDC
title Health–Economic Impact Attributable to Occurrence of Pleurisy and Pneumonia Lesions in Finishing Pigs
title_full Health–Economic Impact Attributable to Occurrence of Pleurisy and Pneumonia Lesions in Finishing Pigs
title_fullStr Health–Economic Impact Attributable to Occurrence of Pleurisy and Pneumonia Lesions in Finishing Pigs
title_full_unstemmed Health–Economic Impact Attributable to Occurrence of Pleurisy and Pneumonia Lesions in Finishing Pigs
title_short Health–Economic Impact Attributable to Occurrence of Pleurisy and Pneumonia Lesions in Finishing Pigs
title_sort health economic impact attributable to occurrence of pleurisy and pneumonia lesions in finishing pigs
topic <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>
ADG
intensive pig farming
<i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</i>
<i>Pasteurella multocida</i>
PRDC
url https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/11/12/668
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