Analysis of Radionuclide Concentrations in Water Samples From Selected Bore-Holes in Arua City, Northern Uganda

Access to safe drinking water is essential for public health. In Arua City, Northern Uganda, boreholes serve as a primary water source, but their safety may be compromised by radionuclide contamination. This study analyzed gamma-ray-emitting radionuclides (²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K) in borehole water sa...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Afam Uzorka, Joseph Candia, Living Ouyesiga, Ademola Olatide Olaniyan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2025-05-01
Series:Environmental Health Insights
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302251339260
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849687357125558272
author Afam Uzorka
Joseph Candia
Living Ouyesiga
Ademola Olatide Olaniyan
author_facet Afam Uzorka
Joseph Candia
Living Ouyesiga
Ademola Olatide Olaniyan
author_sort Afam Uzorka
collection DOAJ
description Access to safe drinking water is essential for public health. In Arua City, Northern Uganda, boreholes serve as a primary water source, but their safety may be compromised by radionuclide contamination. This study analyzed gamma-ray-emitting radionuclides (²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K) in borehole water samples from Ayivu East, Ayivu West, and Arua City Central using gamma spectrometry. Eighteen samples from 6 boreholes per division were assessed against UNSCEAR global averages. Results showed high variability in radionuclide concentrations. Several boreholes, particularly on Arua Hill’s slopes, had ²²⁶Ra levels exceeding the global average of 35 Bq/L, while ²³²Th remained below 30 Bq/L in all samples. ⁴⁰K concentrations surpassed the global average of 400 Bq/L in all divisions. Absorbed dose rates in some boreholes exceeded 57 nGy/h, though annual effective doses remained below 0.41 mSv/y. Hazard indices in specific boreholes suggested health risks. The study recommends regular monitoring, geological assessments, safe drilling, public awareness, and water treatment to ensure water safety and protect public health.
format Article
id doaj-art-01fad10d192c4acca293a3ed0d67a2ac
institution DOAJ
issn 1178-6302
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher SAGE Publishing
record_format Article
series Environmental Health Insights
spelling doaj-art-01fad10d192c4acca293a3ed0d67a2ac2025-08-20T03:22:21ZengSAGE PublishingEnvironmental Health Insights1178-63022025-05-011910.1177/11786302251339260Analysis of Radionuclide Concentrations in Water Samples From Selected Bore-Holes in Arua City, Northern UgandaAfam Uzorka0Joseph Candia1Living Ouyesiga2Ademola Olatide Olaniyan3Kampala International University, UgandaKampala International University, UgandaKampala International University, UgandaKampala International University, UgandaAccess to safe drinking water is essential for public health. In Arua City, Northern Uganda, boreholes serve as a primary water source, but their safety may be compromised by radionuclide contamination. This study analyzed gamma-ray-emitting radionuclides (²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K) in borehole water samples from Ayivu East, Ayivu West, and Arua City Central using gamma spectrometry. Eighteen samples from 6 boreholes per division were assessed against UNSCEAR global averages. Results showed high variability in radionuclide concentrations. Several boreholes, particularly on Arua Hill’s slopes, had ²²⁶Ra levels exceeding the global average of 35 Bq/L, while ²³²Th remained below 30 Bq/L in all samples. ⁴⁰K concentrations surpassed the global average of 400 Bq/L in all divisions. Absorbed dose rates in some boreholes exceeded 57 nGy/h, though annual effective doses remained below 0.41 mSv/y. Hazard indices in specific boreholes suggested health risks. The study recommends regular monitoring, geological assessments, safe drilling, public awareness, and water treatment to ensure water safety and protect public health.https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302251339260
spellingShingle Afam Uzorka
Joseph Candia
Living Ouyesiga
Ademola Olatide Olaniyan
Analysis of Radionuclide Concentrations in Water Samples From Selected Bore-Holes in Arua City, Northern Uganda
Environmental Health Insights
title Analysis of Radionuclide Concentrations in Water Samples From Selected Bore-Holes in Arua City, Northern Uganda
title_full Analysis of Radionuclide Concentrations in Water Samples From Selected Bore-Holes in Arua City, Northern Uganda
title_fullStr Analysis of Radionuclide Concentrations in Water Samples From Selected Bore-Holes in Arua City, Northern Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Radionuclide Concentrations in Water Samples From Selected Bore-Holes in Arua City, Northern Uganda
title_short Analysis of Radionuclide Concentrations in Water Samples From Selected Bore-Holes in Arua City, Northern Uganda
title_sort analysis of radionuclide concentrations in water samples from selected bore holes in arua city northern uganda
url https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302251339260
work_keys_str_mv AT afamuzorka analysisofradionuclideconcentrationsinwatersamplesfromselectedboreholesinaruacitynorthernuganda
AT josephcandia analysisofradionuclideconcentrationsinwatersamplesfromselectedboreholesinaruacitynorthernuganda
AT livingouyesiga analysisofradionuclideconcentrationsinwatersamplesfromselectedboreholesinaruacitynorthernuganda
AT ademolaolatideolaniyan analysisofradionuclideconcentrationsinwatersamplesfromselectedboreholesinaruacitynorthernuganda