Joint Transmit-receive Beam Design of FDA-MIMO Dual-function Radar-communication Systems for Radio-frequency Stealth

Efficient Radio-Frequency (RF) stealth is crucial for Dual-Function Radar-Communication (DFRC) systems that detect radar stealth and con vert communication transmission. However, traditional beamforming schemes based on phased arrays and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems lack the ability...

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Main Authors: Haozheng WU, Chenguang SHI, Jianjiang ZHOU
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: China Science Publishing & Media Ltd. (CSPM) 2025-08-01
Series:Leida xuebao
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Online Access:https://radars.ac.cn/cn/article/doi/10.12000/JR25032
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author Haozheng WU
Chenguang SHI
Jianjiang ZHOU
author_facet Haozheng WU
Chenguang SHI
Jianjiang ZHOU
author_sort Haozheng WU
collection DOAJ
description Efficient Radio-Frequency (RF) stealth is crucial for Dual-Function Radar-Communication (DFRC) systems that detect radar stealth and con vert communication transmission. However, traditional beamforming schemes based on phased arrays and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems lack the ability to control the radiation energy in the range dimension, resulting in the facile interception of integrated transmission signals by enemy-owned passive detection systems. To address this issue, a joint transmit-receive beamforming design for Frequency Diversity Array MIMO (FDA-MIMO) DFRC systems is designed herein to achieve RF stealth. First, an integrated transmission signal model based on orthogonal waveform generation, frequency diversity modulation, and weighted transmission beamforming is constructed. The two-dimensional expression of the distance angle between the radar equivalent transmission beam pattern and the communication transmission channel is obtained through matched filtering and reception beamforming. Second, with communication information embedding and communication reachable rate as constraints, a joint optimization model for FDA-MIMO radar communication integrated transmission and reception beams for RF stealth is established. The model aims to simultaneously minimize the equivalent transmission beam power at the radar target and maximize the output signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, a joint optimization algorithm based on Weighted Mean-Square Error Minimization (WMMSE) and the Consensus Alternating Direction Method of Multiplier (C-ADMM) is proposed. Closed form expressions for each variable are derived and combined with convex optimization algorithms to achieve low-complexity solutions. The simulation results show that radar detection and communication transmission using the proposed method form a “point-to-point” pattern on the two-dimensional plane of range and angle, exhibiting good RF stealth capability. Simultaneously, this method can provide high clutter and interference suppression performance as well as a low communication bit error rate.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2095-283X
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher China Science Publishing & Media Ltd. (CSPM)
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spelling doaj-art-01f62b194550418490f0d37bac67491e2025-08-20T03:31:58ZengChina Science Publishing & Media Ltd. (CSPM)Leida xuebao2095-283X2025-08-0114486789510.12000/JR25032R25032Joint Transmit-receive Beam Design of FDA-MIMO Dual-function Radar-communication Systems for Radio-frequency StealthHaozheng WU0Chenguang SHI1Jianjiang ZHOU2Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaKey Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaKey Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaEfficient Radio-Frequency (RF) stealth is crucial for Dual-Function Radar-Communication (DFRC) systems that detect radar stealth and con vert communication transmission. However, traditional beamforming schemes based on phased arrays and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems lack the ability to control the radiation energy in the range dimension, resulting in the facile interception of integrated transmission signals by enemy-owned passive detection systems. To address this issue, a joint transmit-receive beamforming design for Frequency Diversity Array MIMO (FDA-MIMO) DFRC systems is designed herein to achieve RF stealth. First, an integrated transmission signal model based on orthogonal waveform generation, frequency diversity modulation, and weighted transmission beamforming is constructed. The two-dimensional expression of the distance angle between the radar equivalent transmission beam pattern and the communication transmission channel is obtained through matched filtering and reception beamforming. Second, with communication information embedding and communication reachable rate as constraints, a joint optimization model for FDA-MIMO radar communication integrated transmission and reception beams for RF stealth is established. The model aims to simultaneously minimize the equivalent transmission beam power at the radar target and maximize the output signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, a joint optimization algorithm based on Weighted Mean-Square Error Minimization (WMMSE) and the Consensus Alternating Direction Method of Multiplier (C-ADMM) is proposed. Closed form expressions for each variable are derived and combined with convex optimization algorithms to achieve low-complexity solutions. The simulation results show that radar detection and communication transmission using the proposed method form a “point-to-point” pattern on the two-dimensional plane of range and angle, exhibiting good RF stealth capability. Simultaneously, this method can provide high clutter and interference suppression performance as well as a low communication bit error rate.https://radars.ac.cn/cn/article/doi/10.12000/JR25032radio-frequency stealthdual-function radar-communication (dfrc)frequency diversity array (fda)multiple-input multiple-output (mimo)beamforming
spellingShingle Haozheng WU
Chenguang SHI
Jianjiang ZHOU
Joint Transmit-receive Beam Design of FDA-MIMO Dual-function Radar-communication Systems for Radio-frequency Stealth
Leida xuebao
radio-frequency stealth
dual-function radar-communication (dfrc)
frequency diversity array (fda)
multiple-input multiple-output (mimo)
beamforming
title Joint Transmit-receive Beam Design of FDA-MIMO Dual-function Radar-communication Systems for Radio-frequency Stealth
title_full Joint Transmit-receive Beam Design of FDA-MIMO Dual-function Radar-communication Systems for Radio-frequency Stealth
title_fullStr Joint Transmit-receive Beam Design of FDA-MIMO Dual-function Radar-communication Systems for Radio-frequency Stealth
title_full_unstemmed Joint Transmit-receive Beam Design of FDA-MIMO Dual-function Radar-communication Systems for Radio-frequency Stealth
title_short Joint Transmit-receive Beam Design of FDA-MIMO Dual-function Radar-communication Systems for Radio-frequency Stealth
title_sort joint transmit receive beam design of fda mimo dual function radar communication systems for radio frequency stealth
topic radio-frequency stealth
dual-function radar-communication (dfrc)
frequency diversity array (fda)
multiple-input multiple-output (mimo)
beamforming
url https://radars.ac.cn/cn/article/doi/10.12000/JR25032
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AT chenguangshi jointtransmitreceivebeamdesignoffdamimodualfunctionradarcommunicationsystemsforradiofrequencystealth
AT jianjiangzhou jointtransmitreceivebeamdesignoffdamimodualfunctionradarcommunicationsystemsforradiofrequencystealth