Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Plantar Fascia Thickness in Asymptomatic North Indian Adults: A Cross-sectional Epidemiological Study

Purpose: Every 10th person, once in his lifetime, suffers from plantar fasciopathy. For the evaluation of plantar fasciopathy, ultrasound, being non-invasive and with very good sensitivity and specificity, has become the first line of imaging. To date, there is a paucity of data about plantar fascia...

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Main Authors: Amit Ranjan, Ravi Gaur, Virinder Singh Gogia, Javed Ahmad, Chandan Sharma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-05-01
Series:Indian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijpmr.ijpmr_60_24
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author Amit Ranjan
Ravi Gaur
Virinder Singh Gogia
Javed Ahmad
Chandan Sharma
author_facet Amit Ranjan
Ravi Gaur
Virinder Singh Gogia
Javed Ahmad
Chandan Sharma
author_sort Amit Ranjan
collection DOAJ
description Purpose: Every 10th person, once in his lifetime, suffers from plantar fasciopathy. For the evaluation of plantar fasciopathy, ultrasound, being non-invasive and with very good sensitivity and specificity, has become the first line of imaging. To date, there is a paucity of data about plantar fascia thickness in the asymptomatic Indian adult population. The purpose of this prospective study was to generate normative data on plantar fascia thickness and its epidemiological variability in a statistically significant number for the asymptomatic Indian adult population. Methods: It was a cross-sectional epidemiological study at a tertiary care centre in northern India. The inclusion criteria included asymptomatic adults 18–65 years old and not having any pain around the heel on palpation. The exclusion criteria were acute heel trauma, any form of previous heel pain and previous surgery in the heel region. After informed consent from the subjects, the plantar fascia thicknesses were measured 0.5 cm distal to the point of calcaneal attachment through ultrasonography. SPSS software version 22 was used to conduct the statistical analyses. Results: Amongst 211 subjects (422 feet), fulfilling the eligibility criteria, 102 were male and 109 were female. The average thickness of plantar fascia in the population was 3.19 ± 0.61 mm; for male and female subjects, it was 3.30 ± 0.59 mm and 3.09 ± 0.53 mm, respectively; the left and right sides measured 3.20 ± 0.64 mm and 3.18 ± 0.57 mm, respectively. Males had a significantly higher mean than females (P < 0.001), whereas the means for the right and left feet were comparable (P = 0.271). Conclusion: The normal thickness of the plantar fascia as measured by ultrasound varies from study to study (range: 2.2–3.6 mm). In our study, we found it to be 3.19 ± 0.61 mm at 0.5 cm distal to the point of origin of the plantar fascia. A multivariate regression analysis of age, sex, height, weight and body mass index variables showed that only age was significantly linked to the thickness of the plantar fascia.
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spelling doaj-art-01bb2d7e40be43659e7f41040b8343d22025-08-20T02:27:13ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation0973-22092949-80582025-05-01352959910.4103/ijpmr.ijpmr_60_24Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Plantar Fascia Thickness in Asymptomatic North Indian Adults: A Cross-sectional Epidemiological StudyAmit RanjanRavi GaurVirinder Singh GogiaJaved AhmadChandan SharmaPurpose: Every 10th person, once in his lifetime, suffers from plantar fasciopathy. For the evaluation of plantar fasciopathy, ultrasound, being non-invasive and with very good sensitivity and specificity, has become the first line of imaging. To date, there is a paucity of data about plantar fascia thickness in the asymptomatic Indian adult population. The purpose of this prospective study was to generate normative data on plantar fascia thickness and its epidemiological variability in a statistically significant number for the asymptomatic Indian adult population. Methods: It was a cross-sectional epidemiological study at a tertiary care centre in northern India. The inclusion criteria included asymptomatic adults 18–65 years old and not having any pain around the heel on palpation. The exclusion criteria were acute heel trauma, any form of previous heel pain and previous surgery in the heel region. After informed consent from the subjects, the plantar fascia thicknesses were measured 0.5 cm distal to the point of calcaneal attachment through ultrasonography. SPSS software version 22 was used to conduct the statistical analyses. Results: Amongst 211 subjects (422 feet), fulfilling the eligibility criteria, 102 were male and 109 were female. The average thickness of plantar fascia in the population was 3.19 ± 0.61 mm; for male and female subjects, it was 3.30 ± 0.59 mm and 3.09 ± 0.53 mm, respectively; the left and right sides measured 3.20 ± 0.64 mm and 3.18 ± 0.57 mm, respectively. Males had a significantly higher mean than females (P < 0.001), whereas the means for the right and left feet were comparable (P = 0.271). Conclusion: The normal thickness of the plantar fascia as measured by ultrasound varies from study to study (range: 2.2–3.6 mm). In our study, we found it to be 3.19 ± 0.61 mm at 0.5 cm distal to the point of origin of the plantar fascia. A multivariate regression analysis of age, sex, height, weight and body mass index variables showed that only age was significantly linked to the thickness of the plantar fascia.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijpmr.ijpmr_60_24demographicheel painplantar fasciitisplantar fasciopathy
spellingShingle Amit Ranjan
Ravi Gaur
Virinder Singh Gogia
Javed Ahmad
Chandan Sharma
Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Plantar Fascia Thickness in Asymptomatic North Indian Adults: A Cross-sectional Epidemiological Study
Indian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
demographic
heel pain
plantar fasciitis
plantar fasciopathy
title Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Plantar Fascia Thickness in Asymptomatic North Indian Adults: A Cross-sectional Epidemiological Study
title_full Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Plantar Fascia Thickness in Asymptomatic North Indian Adults: A Cross-sectional Epidemiological Study
title_fullStr Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Plantar Fascia Thickness in Asymptomatic North Indian Adults: A Cross-sectional Epidemiological Study
title_full_unstemmed Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Plantar Fascia Thickness in Asymptomatic North Indian Adults: A Cross-sectional Epidemiological Study
title_short Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Plantar Fascia Thickness in Asymptomatic North Indian Adults: A Cross-sectional Epidemiological Study
title_sort ultrasonographic evaluation of plantar fascia thickness in asymptomatic north indian adults a cross sectional epidemiological study
topic demographic
heel pain
plantar fasciitis
plantar fasciopathy
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijpmr.ijpmr_60_24
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