Analysis of Uneven Settlement of Long-Span Bridge Foundations Based on SBAS-InSAR

Bridge foundation settlement monitoring is crucial for infrastructure safety management, as uneven settlement can lead to stress redistribution, structural damage, and potentially catastrophic collapse. While traditional contact sensors provide reliable measurements, their deployment is labor-intens...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kaixuan Zhang, Weifo Xiao, Haojie Zhu, Shaowei Ning, Shenjiang Huang, Dongxing Jin, Rong A, Bhesh Raj Thapa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Remote Sensing
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/248
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1832587543568187392
author Kaixuan Zhang
Weifo Xiao
Haojie Zhu
Shaowei Ning
Shenjiang Huang
Dongxing Jin
Rong A
Bhesh Raj Thapa
author_facet Kaixuan Zhang
Weifo Xiao
Haojie Zhu
Shaowei Ning
Shenjiang Huang
Dongxing Jin
Rong A
Bhesh Raj Thapa
author_sort Kaixuan Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Bridge foundation settlement monitoring is crucial for infrastructure safety management, as uneven settlement can lead to stress redistribution, structural damage, and potentially catastrophic collapse. While traditional contact sensors provide reliable measurements, their deployment is labor-intensive and costly, especially for long-span bridges. Current remote sensing methods have not been thoroughly evaluated for their capability to detect and analyze complex foundation settlement patterns in challenging environments with multiple influencing factors. Here, we applied Small Baseline Subsets Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (SBAS-InSAR) technology to monitor foundation settlement of a long-span bridge. Our analysis revealed distinct deformation patterns: uplift in the north bank approach bridge foundation and the left-side main bridge foundation (maximum rate: 36.97 mm/year), concurrent with subsidence in the right-side main bridge foundation and south bank approach bridge foundation (maximum rate: 35.59 mm/year). We then investigated the relationship between these settlement patterns and various environmental factors, including geological conditions, Sediment Transport Index (STI), Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), precipitation, and temperature. The observed settlement patterns were attributed to the combined effects of stratigraphic heterogeneity, dynamic hydrological conditions, and seasonal climate variations. These findings demonstrate that SBAS-InSAR technology can effectively capture complex bridge foundation deformation processes, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional monitoring methods. This advancement in bridge monitoring technology could enable more widespread and frequent assessment of bridge foundation stability, ultimately improving infrastructure safety management.
format Article
id doaj-art-01ae012983d9417ea549ecf5bf0949b3
institution Kabale University
issn 2072-4292
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Remote Sensing
spelling doaj-art-01ae012983d9417ea549ecf5bf0949b32025-01-24T13:47:51ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-01-0117224810.3390/rs17020248Analysis of Uneven Settlement of Long-Span Bridge Foundations Based on SBAS-InSARKaixuan Zhang0Weifo Xiao1Haojie Zhu2Shaowei Ning3Shenjiang Huang4Dongxing Jin5Rong A6Bhesh Raj Thapa7College of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaCollege of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaUniversal Engineering and Science College, Pokhara University, Lalitpur 44700, NepalBridge foundation settlement monitoring is crucial for infrastructure safety management, as uneven settlement can lead to stress redistribution, structural damage, and potentially catastrophic collapse. While traditional contact sensors provide reliable measurements, their deployment is labor-intensive and costly, especially for long-span bridges. Current remote sensing methods have not been thoroughly evaluated for their capability to detect and analyze complex foundation settlement patterns in challenging environments with multiple influencing factors. Here, we applied Small Baseline Subsets Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (SBAS-InSAR) technology to monitor foundation settlement of a long-span bridge. Our analysis revealed distinct deformation patterns: uplift in the north bank approach bridge foundation and the left-side main bridge foundation (maximum rate: 36.97 mm/year), concurrent with subsidence in the right-side main bridge foundation and south bank approach bridge foundation (maximum rate: 35.59 mm/year). We then investigated the relationship between these settlement patterns and various environmental factors, including geological conditions, Sediment Transport Index (STI), Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), precipitation, and temperature. The observed settlement patterns were attributed to the combined effects of stratigraphic heterogeneity, dynamic hydrological conditions, and seasonal climate variations. These findings demonstrate that SBAS-InSAR technology can effectively capture complex bridge foundation deformation processes, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional monitoring methods. This advancement in bridge monitoring technology could enable more widespread and frequent assessment of bridge foundation stability, ultimately improving infrastructure safety management.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/248SBAS-InSARuneven settlementbridge foundationdeformation monitoring
spellingShingle Kaixuan Zhang
Weifo Xiao
Haojie Zhu
Shaowei Ning
Shenjiang Huang
Dongxing Jin
Rong A
Bhesh Raj Thapa
Analysis of Uneven Settlement of Long-Span Bridge Foundations Based on SBAS-InSAR
Remote Sensing
SBAS-InSAR
uneven settlement
bridge foundation
deformation monitoring
title Analysis of Uneven Settlement of Long-Span Bridge Foundations Based on SBAS-InSAR
title_full Analysis of Uneven Settlement of Long-Span Bridge Foundations Based on SBAS-InSAR
title_fullStr Analysis of Uneven Settlement of Long-Span Bridge Foundations Based on SBAS-InSAR
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Uneven Settlement of Long-Span Bridge Foundations Based on SBAS-InSAR
title_short Analysis of Uneven Settlement of Long-Span Bridge Foundations Based on SBAS-InSAR
title_sort analysis of uneven settlement of long span bridge foundations based on sbas insar
topic SBAS-InSAR
uneven settlement
bridge foundation
deformation monitoring
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/248
work_keys_str_mv AT kaixuanzhang analysisofunevensettlementoflongspanbridgefoundationsbasedonsbasinsar
AT weifoxiao analysisofunevensettlementoflongspanbridgefoundationsbasedonsbasinsar
AT haojiezhu analysisofunevensettlementoflongspanbridgefoundationsbasedonsbasinsar
AT shaoweining analysisofunevensettlementoflongspanbridgefoundationsbasedonsbasinsar
AT shenjianghuang analysisofunevensettlementoflongspanbridgefoundationsbasedonsbasinsar
AT dongxingjin analysisofunevensettlementoflongspanbridgefoundationsbasedonsbasinsar
AT ronga analysisofunevensettlementoflongspanbridgefoundationsbasedonsbasinsar
AT bheshrajthapa analysisofunevensettlementoflongspanbridgefoundationsbasedonsbasinsar