RNA-Based Vaccines in Cancer Immunotherapy
RNA vaccines traditionally consist of messenger RNA synthesized by in vitro transcription using a bacteriophage RNA polymerase and template DNA that encodes the antigen(s) of interest. Once administered and internalized by host cells, the mRNA transcripts are translated directly in the cytoplasm and...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/794528 |
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| _version_ | 1850231857082269696 |
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| author | Megan A. McNamara Smita K. Nair Eda K. Holl |
| author_facet | Megan A. McNamara Smita K. Nair Eda K. Holl |
| author_sort | Megan A. McNamara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | RNA vaccines traditionally consist of messenger RNA synthesized by in vitro transcription using a bacteriophage RNA polymerase and template DNA that encodes the antigen(s) of interest. Once administered and internalized by host cells, the mRNA transcripts are translated directly in the cytoplasm and then the resulting antigens are presented to antigen presenting cells to stimulate an immune response. Alternatively, dendritic cells can be loaded with either tumor associated antigen mRNA or total tumor RNA and delivered to the host to elicit a specific immune response. In this review, we will explain why RNA vaccines represent an attractive platform for cancer immunotherapy, discuss modifications to RNA structure that have been developed to optimize mRNA vaccine stability and translational efficiency, and describe strategies for nonviral delivery of mRNA vaccines, highlighting key preclinical and clinical data related to cancer immunotherapy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0168bb7e67654a449b1533c792d4f2f1 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-0168bb7e67654a449b1533c792d4f2f12025-08-20T02:03:24ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562015-01-01201510.1155/2015/794528794528RNA-Based Vaccines in Cancer ImmunotherapyMegan A. McNamara0Smita K. Nair1Eda K. Holl2Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USADepartment of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USADepartment of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USARNA vaccines traditionally consist of messenger RNA synthesized by in vitro transcription using a bacteriophage RNA polymerase and template DNA that encodes the antigen(s) of interest. Once administered and internalized by host cells, the mRNA transcripts are translated directly in the cytoplasm and then the resulting antigens are presented to antigen presenting cells to stimulate an immune response. Alternatively, dendritic cells can be loaded with either tumor associated antigen mRNA or total tumor RNA and delivered to the host to elicit a specific immune response. In this review, we will explain why RNA vaccines represent an attractive platform for cancer immunotherapy, discuss modifications to RNA structure that have been developed to optimize mRNA vaccine stability and translational efficiency, and describe strategies for nonviral delivery of mRNA vaccines, highlighting key preclinical and clinical data related to cancer immunotherapy.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/794528 |
| spellingShingle | Megan A. McNamara Smita K. Nair Eda K. Holl RNA-Based Vaccines in Cancer Immunotherapy Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | RNA-Based Vaccines in Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_full | RNA-Based Vaccines in Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | RNA-Based Vaccines in Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | RNA-Based Vaccines in Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_short | RNA-Based Vaccines in Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_sort | rna based vaccines in cancer immunotherapy |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/794528 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT meganamcnamara rnabasedvaccinesincancerimmunotherapy AT smitaknair rnabasedvaccinesincancerimmunotherapy AT edakholl rnabasedvaccinesincancerimmunotherapy |