Closed-eye intraocular pressure and eye movement monitoring via a stretchable bimodal contact lens
Abstract Chronic ophthalmic diseases are multivariate, time-varying, and degenerative. Smart contact lenses have emerged as a scalable platform for noninvasive ocular signal detection and disease diagnosis. However, real-time monitoring and decoupling of multiple ocular parameters, particularly when...
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Nature Publishing Group
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Microsystems & Nanoengineering |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-025-00946-y |
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| author | Xingyi Gan Guang Yao Cunbo Li Yufeng Mu Maowen Xie Chenzheng Zhou Peisi Li Qiwei Dong Ke Chen Kangning Zhao Min Gao Taisong Pan Fang Lu Dezhong Yao Peng Xu Yuan Lin |
| author_facet | Xingyi Gan Guang Yao Cunbo Li Yufeng Mu Maowen Xie Chenzheng Zhou Peisi Li Qiwei Dong Ke Chen Kangning Zhao Min Gao Taisong Pan Fang Lu Dezhong Yao Peng Xu Yuan Lin |
| author_sort | Xingyi Gan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Chronic ophthalmic diseases are multivariate, time-varying, and degenerative. Smart contact lenses have emerged as a scalable platform for noninvasive ocular signal detection and disease diagnosis. However, real-time monitoring and decoupling of multiple ocular parameters, particularly when the eyes are closed, remain challenging in clinical medicine. In this work, we propose a stretchable bimodal contact lens (BCL) amalgamating self-decoupled electromagnetic capacitive intraocular pressure (CIOP) and magnetic eye movement (MEM) monitoring components. The sandwich-integrated BCL can be intimately attached to the eyeball, enabling closed-eye, wireless, and precise signal acquisition without interference. During the eye open and closed, the serpentine-geometry CIOP unit was validated on a rabbit model, achieving supered resolution (1 mmHg) and sensitivity (≥0.22 MHz mmHg−1) for reversible hypo- to hyper-IOP fluctuations. Ex vivo and in vivo MEM monitoring, based on composition-optimized magnetic interlayer film, demonstrated exceptional accuracy (≥97.25%) with eyes open and closed, surpassing existing methods. The collected CIOP and MEM data could be wirelessly aggregated and transmitted to portable devices via integrated acquisition modules within frame glasses for real-time eye healthcare. Emerging noninvasive and bimodal modalities reconcile the trade-off between minimal discomfort, eye status, and reliable measurement, spurring the widespread adoption of the integrated monitoring system for continuous ocular health monitoring. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0165e47c566b4082b53172dda3a4c293 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2055-7434 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microsystems & Nanoengineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-0165e47c566b4082b53172dda3a4c2932025-08-20T03:10:31ZengNature Publishing GroupMicrosystems & Nanoengineering2055-74342025-05-0111111210.1038/s41378-025-00946-yClosed-eye intraocular pressure and eye movement monitoring via a stretchable bimodal contact lensXingyi Gan0Guang Yao1Cunbo Li2Yufeng Mu3Maowen Xie4Chenzheng Zhou5Peisi Li6Qiwei Dong7Ke Chen8Kangning Zhao9Min Gao10Taisong Pan11Fang Lu12Dezhong Yao13Peng Xu14Yuan Lin15School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaClinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaClinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaClinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaClinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of TechnologySchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMedico-Engineering Cooperation on Applied Medicine Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaClinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaClinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaAbstract Chronic ophthalmic diseases are multivariate, time-varying, and degenerative. Smart contact lenses have emerged as a scalable platform for noninvasive ocular signal detection and disease diagnosis. However, real-time monitoring and decoupling of multiple ocular parameters, particularly when the eyes are closed, remain challenging in clinical medicine. In this work, we propose a stretchable bimodal contact lens (BCL) amalgamating self-decoupled electromagnetic capacitive intraocular pressure (CIOP) and magnetic eye movement (MEM) monitoring components. The sandwich-integrated BCL can be intimately attached to the eyeball, enabling closed-eye, wireless, and precise signal acquisition without interference. During the eye open and closed, the serpentine-geometry CIOP unit was validated on a rabbit model, achieving supered resolution (1 mmHg) and sensitivity (≥0.22 MHz mmHg−1) for reversible hypo- to hyper-IOP fluctuations. Ex vivo and in vivo MEM monitoring, based on composition-optimized magnetic interlayer film, demonstrated exceptional accuracy (≥97.25%) with eyes open and closed, surpassing existing methods. The collected CIOP and MEM data could be wirelessly aggregated and transmitted to portable devices via integrated acquisition modules within frame glasses for real-time eye healthcare. Emerging noninvasive and bimodal modalities reconcile the trade-off between minimal discomfort, eye status, and reliable measurement, spurring the widespread adoption of the integrated monitoring system for continuous ocular health monitoring.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-025-00946-yBimodal contact lensSelf-decoupledIntraocular pressureEye movementClosed-eye monitoring |
| spellingShingle | Xingyi Gan Guang Yao Cunbo Li Yufeng Mu Maowen Xie Chenzheng Zhou Peisi Li Qiwei Dong Ke Chen Kangning Zhao Min Gao Taisong Pan Fang Lu Dezhong Yao Peng Xu Yuan Lin Closed-eye intraocular pressure and eye movement monitoring via a stretchable bimodal contact lens Microsystems & Nanoengineering Bimodal contact lens Self-decoupled Intraocular pressure Eye movement Closed-eye monitoring |
| title | Closed-eye intraocular pressure and eye movement monitoring via a stretchable bimodal contact lens |
| title_full | Closed-eye intraocular pressure and eye movement monitoring via a stretchable bimodal contact lens |
| title_fullStr | Closed-eye intraocular pressure and eye movement monitoring via a stretchable bimodal contact lens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Closed-eye intraocular pressure and eye movement monitoring via a stretchable bimodal contact lens |
| title_short | Closed-eye intraocular pressure and eye movement monitoring via a stretchable bimodal contact lens |
| title_sort | closed eye intraocular pressure and eye movement monitoring via a stretchable bimodal contact lens |
| topic | Bimodal contact lens Self-decoupled Intraocular pressure Eye movement Closed-eye monitoring |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-025-00946-y |
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